Investigation of the efficiency of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment and stretching exercise in experimental skeletal muscle injury model

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dc.authorid0000-0002-9712-5154
dc.authorid0000-0002-9237-3300
dc.authorid0000-0002-1545-035X
dc.authorid0000-0001-6835-4436
dc.contributor.authorErgan, Mesut
dc.contributor.authorKeskin, Tahir
dc.contributor.authorCandan, Ibrahim Aydin
dc.contributor.authorErzurumlu, Yalcin
dc.contributor.authorAsci, Halil
dc.contributor.authorComlekci, Selcuk
dc.contributor.authorBaskurt, Ferdi
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:29:09Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:29:09Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and stretching exercises are safe and noninvasive methods that could have a therapeutic effect on tissue healing. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of these methods in treatment of muscle injury (INJ). Method Rats were divided into 5 groups (Control, INJ, INJ + Exercise, INJ + PEMF, INJ + Exercise + PEMF). At the end of the experiment, genetic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluations were made in the muscle tissue. Results Mononuclear cell infiltration, muscle degeneration, atrophy, and necrosis were found to be higher in the INJ group than in all groups (p < 0.001). On the 7th day, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) was found to be higher in the INJ group compared to both the control and the INJ + Exercise group (p < 0.05). On the 14th day, Vascular endothelial growth factor values were found to be higher in the injury group than the other groups except for the PEMF group (p < 0.05), and FGF values were higher in the injury group compared to all groups (p < 0.001). The expressions of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on the 7th and 14th days showed a significant increase in the INJ group compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion In this study, it has been shown that PEMF and stretching exercise is effective in the treatment of muscle injuries as they balance the inflammatory process in the muscle, have a positive effect on muscle development, accelerate healing, prevent fibrosis development by reducing TGF-beta 1 signaling, and inhibit inflammatory-induced eNOS activity.
dc.description.sponsorshipSleyman Demirel University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit; FutureFit Consulting Technology
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank FutureFit Consulting & Technology for providing the HEAT Electromagnetic Activation Therapy device used in the experiments of this study.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12891-025-08442-0
dc.identifier.issn1471-2474
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmid40128672
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105000757217
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08442-0
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/5157
dc.identifier.volume26
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001451155900002
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBmc
dc.relation.ispartofBmc Musculoskeletal Disorders
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectMuscle injury
dc.subjectMuscle stretching exercise
dc.subjectPulsed electromagnetic therapy
dc.subjectFibrosis
dc.titleInvestigation of the efficiency of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment and stretching exercise in experimental skeletal muscle injury model
dc.typeArticle

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