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Evaluation of antibody response after COVID?19 vaccination of healthcare workers
(2022) Uysal, Elif B.; Gümüş, Sibel; Bektöre, Bayhan; Bozkurt, Hale; Gözalan, Ayşegül
The common goal of all vaccines developed against COVID-19, although they have been designed with different methods, is to develop an effective immunity and antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. However, the postvaccination immune response and antibody levels differ between individuals. This study examined the relationship between postvaccine seropositivity rates, age, gender, smoking, and body mass index (BMI), and antibody titers. A total of 314 healthcare workers (HCW) who were not previously infected with COVID-19 and who had received two doses of CoronaVac inactivated vaccine participated in the study. Seropositivity against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was measured from the participants 4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine using the electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) method. In addition, the antibody developed against the nucleocapsid protein (NCP) was evaluated and compared using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 kit. One hundred and eighty-one of the participants were female (57.6%) with a median age of 39 (interquartile range [IQR], 10) and 133 (42.4%) were male with a median age of 41 (IQR, 11). 99.6% of the volunteers developed seropositivity 4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine. It was also observed that the rate of RBD protein antibody titer was >250 U/ml in smokers, which is quite low compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.032), and that high RBD antibody titers were proportionally lower in obese participants, according to BMI values, compared to those with normal BMI (49.5% and 9.9%). It was observed that seropositivity developed in almost all participants after the CoronaVac vaccine. However, it was determined that the antibody titer measured varied depending on factors such as smoking, BMI, and duration.
Investigating spectroscopic measurement of sublingual veins and tissue to estimate central venous oxygen saturation
(2022) Sırcan Küçüksayan, Aslınur; Eray, Oktay; Büyükaksu, Murat; Gümüş, Birce; Dursun, Oğuz; Canpolat, Murat
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Venous oxygen saturation reflects venous oxygenation status and can be used to assess treatment and prognosis in critically ill patients. A novel method that can measure central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) non-invasively may be beneficial and has the potential to change the management routine of critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to evaluate the potential of sublingual venous oxygen saturation (SsvO2) to be used in the estimation of ScvO2. METHODS: We have developed two different approaches to calculate SsvO2. In the first one, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements were performed directly on the sublingual veins. In the second approach, NIRS spectra were acquired from the sublingual tissue apart from the sublingual veins, and arterial oxygen saturation was measured using a pulse oximeter on the fingertip. RESULTS: Twenty-six healthy subjects were included in the study. In the first and second approaches, average SsvO2 values were 75.0% ± 1.8 and 75.8% ± 2.1, respectively. The results of the two different approaches were close to each other and similar to ScvO2 of healthy persons (> 70%). CONCLUSION: Oxygen saturation of sublingual veins has the potential to be used in intensive care units, non-invasively and in real-time, to estimate ScvO2.
Turkish guideline for diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis (ART)
(2021) Ecevit, Mustafa Cenk; Özcan, Müge; Can, İlknur Haberal; Tatar, Emel Cadallı; Özer, Serdar; Esen, Erkan; Kubat, Gözde Orhan; Önerci, Metin
Object: To prepare a national guideline for Oto-rhinolaryngologist who treat allergic rhinitis patients Methods: The study was conducted by three authors, namely the writing support team. The support team made the study plan, determined the writing instructions, chose the subgroups including the advisory committee, the advisors for authors and the authors. A workshop was organized at the very beginning to explain the details of the study to the team. Advisors took the chance to meet their coworkers in their subgroups and determined the main headings and subheadings of the guideline, together with the authors. After key words were determined by the authors, literature search was done in various databases. The authors keep in touch with the advisors and the advisors with the advisory committee and the support group at every stage of the study. National and International published articles as well as the abstracts of unpublished studies, imperatively presented in National Congresses, were included in this guideline. Only Guideline and meta-analyses published in last seven years (2013- 2017) and randomized controlled studies published in last two years (2015- 2017) were included. After all work was completed by the subgroups, support team brought all work together and edited the article. Results: A detailed guideline about all aspects of allergic rhinitis was created. Conclusion: The authors believe that this guideline will enable a compact and up-to-date information on allergic rhinitis to healthcare professionals. This guideline is the first in the field of Otolaryngology in Turkey. It should be updated at regular intervals.
Characteristics and outcomes of acute kidney injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A multicenter study by the Turkish society of nephrology
(2021) Arıkan, Hakkı; Öztürk, Savaş; Tokgöz, Bülent; Dursun, Belda; Seyahi, Nurhan; Trabulus, Sinan; İslam, Mahmud; Ayar, Yavuz; Görgülü, Numan; Karadağ, Serhat; Eren,Zehra; Tuğlular, Serhan
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and the severity of AKI is linked to adverse outcomes. In this study, we investigated the factors associated with in-hospital outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and AKI. Methods In this multicenter retrospective observational study, we evaluated the characteristics and in-hospital renal and patient outcomes of 578 patients with confirmed COVID-19 and AKI. Data were collected from 34 hospitals in Turkey from March 11 to June 30, 2020. AKI definition and staging were based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Patients with end-stage kidney disease or with a kidney transplant were excluded. Renal outcomes were identified only in discharged patients. Results The median age of the patients was 69 years, and 60.9% were males. The most frequent comorbid conditions were hypertension (70.5%), diabetes mellitus (43.8%), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (37.6%). The proportions of AKI stages 1, 2, and 3 were 54.0%, 24.7%, and 21.3%, respectively. 291 patients (50.3%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. Renal improvement was complete in 81.7% and partial in 17.2% of the patients who were discharged. Renal outcomes were worse in patients with AKI stage 3 or baseline CKD. The overall in-hospital mortality in patients with AKI was 38.9%. In-hospital mortality rate was not different in patients with preexisting non-dialysis CKD compared to patients without CKD (34.4 versus 34.0%, p = 0.924). By multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (95%CI)]: 1.01 [1.0-1.03], p = 0.035], male gender (HR [95%CI]: 1.47 [1.04-2.09], p = 0.029), diabetes mellitus (HR [95%CI]: 1.51 [1.06-2.17], p = 0.022) and cerebrovascular disease (HR [95%CI]: 1.82 [1.08-3.07], p = 0.023), serum lactate dehydrogenase (greater than two-fold increase) (HR [95%CI]: 1.55 [1.05-2.30], p = 0.027) and AKI stage 2 (HR [95%CI]: 1.98 [1.25-3.14], p = 0.003) and stage 3 (HR [95%CI]: 2.25 [1.44-3.51], p = 0.0001) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Conclusions Advanced-stage AKI is associated with extremely high mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Age, male gender, comorbidities, which are risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19 in the general population, are also related to in-hospital mortality in patients with AKI. However, preexisting non-dialysis CKD did not increase in-hospital mortality rate among AKI patients. Renal problems continue in a significant portion of the patients who were discharged.
Penetrating heart injuries in hospitals with few facilities: Not a moment to waste
(2021) Aslaner, Oktay
Background: Penetrating heart injury is a genuine emergency that needs to be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. Transport to a tertiary center with facilities such as a heart-lung pump and sternotomy can lead to loss of time. This study aimed to share the author's experiences in a private hospital with limited facilities. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a private hospital. Eleven penetrating cardiac injuries, which were treated surgically by the at two small hospitals from 2005 to 2015, were evaluated retrospectively. Patients' age and sex, type of injury, damage site at the heart, duration between injury and surgery, presence of additional damage, and patient survival were all recorded. Results: The most common form of injury was sharp object injury, while the most common site was the right ventricle. The period from injury to surgery, the additional injuries were found to be statistically significant in terms of survival ratios. The probability of patients' survival at intervention times 30, 60, and 120 minutes was 90.9, 54.5, and 27.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Mortality in cardiac injuries can be reduced with early intervention. The risks of being transported to an advanced hospital and the risk of emergency surgery performed in a small less equips facility should be well weighed. Successful surgeries may be performed even in a small, well-organized hospital.
Innovations in management of hotel employees: The relationship between organizational resilience and work engagement
(2021) Üngüren, Engin; Kaçmaz, Yaşar Yiğit
In many destinations, crises such as hurricanes, floods, wildfires, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, and outbreaks negatively impact the tourism industry. Such crises stress out both management levels and employees, declining productivity. In an environment where the crisis is intense, tourism enterprises need to take the necessary precautions to continue their activities and ensure sustainability. This study focuses on the implications of organisational resilience on employees, which refers to the ability to continue its activities in the face of crises. This study, handled in the context of Social Exchange Theory, has two purposes. The first purpose of the study is to determine the effect of organisational resilience on organisational support and work engagement. The second purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of organisational support in the relationship between organisational resilience and work engagement. The study is cross-sectional and employs a quantitative method. The study used convenience sampling because it was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relevant restrictions dictated certain precautions. Another reason behind convenience sampling is the limited cost and timeline for the study. Data were collected with questionnaires from 506 employees working at four and five-star hotels. The suitability of the measurement model was tested with confirmatory factor analysis. The mediation analysis was carried out with process macro, based on the bootstrap method. Consequent to the analyses conducted in line with the purposes of this study, organisational resilience was found to positively impact perceived organisational support and work engagement. Furthermore, perceived organisational support has a full mediation role in the relationship between organisational resilience and work engagement. The findings of this study theoreticaly provide a framework regarding how organisational resilience improves employees' attitudes towards their jobs. In addition, the results obtained in the study help efficiently manage crises and unexpected events and develop the right policies for employees.
Evaluation of Acromegaly patients with sleep disturbance related symptoms
(2021) Çelik, Deniz; Duyar, Sezgi Şahin; Aksu, Funda; Fırat, Selma; Çiftçi, Bülent
Background and Objectives: It is known that the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increased in acromegaly. Craniofacial anomalies, macroglossia, and thickening of the laryngeal wall caused by the increase in soft tissue in these patients lead to OSA. Also, the increase in growth hormone can trigger central apnea by causing a decrease in respiratory drive. Determining the polysomnographic characteristics of acromegaly patients is important to reveal the effect of these mechanisms. Methods: The demographic and polysomnographic characteristics of 33 acromegaly patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) with suspicion of sleep disorders between 2011 and 2018 in the sleep laboratory of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. One of the patients was excluded from the analysis because PSG was performed in the postoperative period. The remaining 32 patients with active acromegaly were grouped according to their gender and the presence of OSA and compared with statistical methods in terms of polysomnographic and clinical features. Results: OSA (AHI>5) was detected in 78.1% of 32 active acromegaly patients (18 females, 14 males) who underwent PSG with suspicion of sleep-disordered breathing. Moderate-severe OSA (62.5%) was found in most patients, and there was no difference between the sexes in terms of OSA detection rate and OSA severity. Respiratory events appear to be predominantly obstructive hypopneas. Also, the polysomnographic features of female and male acromegaly patients with OSA were found to be similar. It is seen that the OSA group is similar to the group with simple snoring in terms of body mass index (BMI), but is statistically significantly older (p=0,007). A positive correlation was found between age and AHI in pairwise correlation analysis (r:0,426 p:0,015, respectively). Conclusion: Considering that the prevalence of OSA in the population is approximately 5%, our results show that the risk of OSA in acromegaly increases, and obstructive pathways are effective in this increase. The probability of OSA occurrence and polysomnographic features between the genders are similar. Although the median BMI of the patients with and without OSA was similar, the median age was higher in the group with OSA, middle-aged acromegaly patients should be evaluated in terms of OSA even if there is no obvious obesity.
The relationship between quadriceps fat pad syndrome and patellofemoral morphology: a case-control study
(2021) Yüksel, Yavuz; Ergün, Tarkan; Torun, Ebru; Ünal, Melih; Sonnow, Lena; Köse, Özkan
Background The purpose of this prospective case-control study is to investigate the relationship between quadriceps fat pad syndrome (QFPS) and patellofemoral morphology. Materials and methods Twenty-two patients with QFPS and 22 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers were included. The diagnosis of QFPS was supported both clinically and radiologically. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), patellofemoral morphology was evaluated with 13 radiological measurements including trochlear sulcus angle, trochlear sulcus depth, trochlear facet asymmetry, trochlear condyle asymmetry, lateral trochlear inclination angle, patellar translation, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, Insall-Salvati ratio, patellotrochlear index, patellar tilt, the ratio between lateral and medial facet lengths, interfacet angle, and quadriceps tendon thickness. The mean of measurements was compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results There were 22 patients (12 male, 10 female) with mean age of 30.81 +/- 1.41 (range 19-38) years in group I and 22 patients (12 male, 10 female) with mean age of 31.13 +/- 1.31 (range 19-39) years in group II. The mean age and the gender distribution were statistically similar between groups (p = 0.845, p = 1, respectively). All measured values except for patellar tilt (p = 0.038) and TT-TG distance (p = 0.004) were similar (p > 0.05 for the other variables). However, all of the measured variables were within the normal range. Conclusions QFPS may not be associated with anatomical variations of the patellofemoral joint. Further studies are required to understand the etiology and risk factors.
A model for indoor motion dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 as a function of respiratory droplet size and evaporation
(2021) Aydın, Mehmet; Savaş, Seçkin Aydın; Evrendilek, Fatih; Aydın, İsmail Erkan; Evrendilek, Deniz Eren
A simplified model has been devised to estimate the falling dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-laden droplets in an indoor environment. Our estimations were compared to existing literature data. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 is closely coupled to its falling dynamics as a function of respiratory droplet diameter (1 to 2000 mu m) of an infected person and droplet evaporation. The falling time of SARS-CoV-2 with a respiratory droplet diameter of about 300 mu m from a height of 1.7 m remained almost the same among the Newtonian lift equation, Stokes's law, and our simplified model derived from them so as to account for its evaporation. The evaporative demand peaked at midday which was ten times that at midnight. The evaporating droplets <= 6 mu m lost their water content rapidly, making their lifetimes in the air shorter than their falling times. The droplets <= 6 mu m were able to evaporate completely and remained in the air for about 5 min as droplet nuclei with SARS-CoV-2.
Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Patients Diagnosed with Hepatitis C in Our Hospital: 2015-2018
(2021) Hacıseyitoğlu, Demet; Sarınoğlu, Rabia Can; Gözalan, Ayşegül; Batırel, Ayşe; Söyletir, Güner
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and its variability in certain sociodemographics in patients with chronic hepatitis. Materials and Methods: Anti-HCV was performed by chemiluminescent micro-particle immune assay (Abbott Architect i2000SR, Germany), and HCV-RNA viral load detection was applied with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the system (Cobas AmpliPrep-Cobas TaqMan, Roche, Germany). Genotype detection was performed with RT-PCR upon with RT-PCR method in the system of Abbott RT-HCV Genotype 2 (Abbott Laboratories, USA) and with Bosphore-HCV Genotyping KitV3 in the Montania 4896 device (Anatolia Diagnostics and Biotechnology Products, Turkey). Frequency and percentage dispersions of all data obtained from patient files and laboratory information system were evaluated through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistics software program. Results: HCV-RNA was positive in 628 of 2,381 patients with anti-HCV positivity (26.4%), and genotypes of 319 of which were evaluated. Mean age of 319 patients was 51.6 (standard deviation: 16.1). The most frequent genotypes were 1b (61%), 3 (19%), and 1a (10%). Incidences of genotype 1b among all genotypes between the dates of 2015-2018, were found 34.7%, 29%, 15.5% and 20.7% respectively (p=0.001). Contagion sources were medical interventions, and 1 b was the most frequent genotype. Genotype 3 was most common in patients with intravenous drug addiction. A total of 168 of 238 patients who were Turkish citizens were detected to have genotype 1 b, whereas 28 of them had genotype 3 and 25 had genotype 1a. Seventy-eight (24.7%) of the 316 patients, whose genotypes were tested, were foreigners coming mostly from Georgia, Turkmenstan, and Syria respectively. The most frequent genotype of Georgian and Turkmenistanian was 1 b and Syrian was both 1a and 4. Conclusion: This study shows the most frequent genotype to be 1b and its prevalence is statistically decreased over the years, whereae other genotypes (1a, 3, 4, 3a, 1a/3, 1b/3, c-k, 2/3, 1/4, 3/4, and 5) increased.
A practical means of evaluating the prognosis of acute pancreatitis, as measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness
(2022) Kürkçü, K.; Kara, B.; Koç, A. Ş.; Keşkek, Şakir Özgür
Backgroung and study aims: Factors such as age, obesity, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia that cause adverse prognosis in acute pancreatitis also cause an increase in carotid intima-media thickness. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usability of the measurement of carotid intima-media thickness, which is an easy to apply, cost-effective means of measurement applied to the patients, in predicting AP prognosis, apart from the criteria currently utilized to predict AP prognosis. Patient and methods: 101 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were prospectively enrolled into the study. Right and left common carotid artery intima-media thickness, right and left internal carotid artery intima-media thickness were measured with ultrasonographic images performed within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. local or systemic complications and organ failure development were monitored in the follow-up of the patients. Results: After the ROC analysis was performed and the threshold value was determined. The patients with main and internal carotid artery intima-media thickness above 0.775 mm were seen to have a more severe AP (p = 0.000). Local and systemic complications and organ failure were also more common in these patients. Conclusions: Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness is a non-invasive method that can be used to predict the prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis at presentation.
Comparison of the effects of ozone therapy and photobiomodulation on sciatic nerve injury in rat
(2021) Canpolat, Dilek Günay; Yücesoy, Türker; Çolpak, Halis Ali; Çilingir-Kaya, Özlem Tuğçe; Kolbaşı, Bircan; Saraymen, Recep; Karatürk, Habip; Kütük, Nükhet; Canpolat, Mehmet
Aim: Studies on drugs or alternative therapies are still the main treatment options for PNI. In this study, we aimed to research the effects of PBM and OT on nerve repair in a rat sciatic injury model. Material and Methods: 29 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control (n = 2), sham (n = 9), OT (n = 9) and PBM (n = 9). After 30 days of surgery and treatments, tissue specimens and blood samples were taken for histological and biochemical processing. Histological evaluations were performed at light and electron microscopy levels. Myelin basic protein (MBP) and S100 from the rat serum were analysed also. Results: The OT and PBM groups had a significant increase in regeneration of the sciatic nerve in light microscopic evaluation. In the PBM and OT groups, Schwann cells (SC) around the axons and also axons with a thin myelin sheath were seen, regarded as signs of the myelination process in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations. Discussion: OT and PBM both resulted in a good healing pattern for sciatic nerve injury in the rat model. Therefore, OT and PBM are considered to be simple and reliable alternative treatment methods for PNI.
Mitochondrial estrogen receptors alter mitochondrial priming and response to endocrine therapy in breast cancer cells
(2021) Karakaş, Bahriye; Aka, Yeliz; Giray, Aslı; Temel, Şehime Gülsün; Açıkbaş, Ufuk; Başağa, Hüveyda
Breast cancer is the most common cancer with a high rate of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. Estrogen receptor status is an important prognostic factor and endocrine therapy is the choice of first-line treatment in ER-positive breast cancer. However, most tumors develop resistance to endocrine therapy. Here we demonstrate that BH3 profiling technology, in particular, dynamic BH3 profiling can predict the response to endocrine therapy agents as well as the development of acquired resistance in breast cancer cells independent of estrogen receptor status. Immunofluorescence analysis and subcellular fractionation experiments revealed distinct ER-alpha and ER-beta subcellular localization patterns in breast cancer cells, including mitochondrial localization of both receptor subtypes. shRNA-mediated depletion of ER-beta in breast cancer cells led to resistance to endocrine therapy agents and selective reconstitution of ER-beta in mitochondria restored sensitivity. Notably, mitochondria-targeted ER-alpha did not restore sensitivity, even conferred further resistance to endocrine therapy agents. In addition, expressing mitochondria-targeted ER-beta in breast cancer cells resulted in decreased mitochondrial respiration alongside increased total ROS and mitochondrial superoxide production. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that mitochondrial ER-beta can be successfully targeted by the selective ER-beta agonist Erteberel. Thus, our findings provide novel findings on mitochondrial estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells and suggest the implementation of the dynamic BH3 technique as a tool to predict acquired endocrine therapy resistance.
Protective effects of quercetin on oxidative stress-induced tubular epithelial damage in the experimental rat hyperoxaluria model
(2021) Güzel, Ahmet; Yunusoğlu, Sedat; Çalapoğlu, Mustafa; Candan, İbrahim Aydın; Onaran, İbrahim; Öncü, Meral; Ergün, Osman; Oksay, Taylan
Background and Objectives: The most common kidney stones are calcium stones and calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are the most common type of calcium stones. Hyperoxaluria is an essential risk factor for the formation of these stones. Quercetin is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and many other physiological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of quercetin in hyperoxaluria-induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250-300 g (n = 24) were randomized into three groups: Control (n = 8), ethylene glycol (EG) (n = 8), and EG + quercetin (n = 8). One percent EG-water solution was given to all rats except for the control group as drinking water for five weeks. Quercetin-water solution was given to the EG + quercetin group by oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), urea, calcium, and oxalate levels were analyzed in blood and urine samples. Histopathological assessments and immunohistochemical analyses for oxidative stress and inflammation indicators p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were performed on renal tissues. Results: The MDA levels were significantly lower in the quercetin-treated group than in the EG-treated group (p = 0.001). Although CAT levels were higher in the quercetin-treated group than the EG-administered group, they were not significantly different between these groups. The expression of p38 MAPK was significantly less in the quercetin-treated group than the EG group (p < 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference between the quercetin and EG groups in terms of NF-kB expression. Conclusions: We conclude that hyperoxaluria activated the signaling pathways, which facilitate the oxidative processes leading to oxalate stone formation in the kidneys. Our findings indicated that quercetin reduced damage due to hyperoxaluria. These results imply that quercetin can be considered a therapeutic agent for decreasing oxalate stone formation, especially in patients with recurrent stones due to hyperoxaluria.
Experimental data of labeling the heart and cardiac cultures with a retrograde tracer in vitro and in vivo
(2021) Çağlar, Tuba Akgül; Günal, Mehmet Yalçın; Turhan, Mehmet Uğurcan; Öztürk, Gürkan; Çağavi, Esra
Retrograde dyes are often used in basic research to investigate neuronal innervations of an organ. This article describes the experimental data on the application of retrograde dyes on the mouse heart in vivo and on the cardiac or neuronal cultures in vitro. By providing this information, cardiac or inneinnervations can be evaluated in vivo. Therefore, unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms and systemic interactions in the body can be investigated. In particular, we provided practical tips to lower mortality risks following the cardiac surgery and evaluated the staining capacity and fluorescent characteristics of the Di-8-ANEPPQ dye in the cardiac tissue and cell cultures. First, primary cultures of mouse nodose ganglia (NG) neurons and mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes were stained with Di-8-ANEPPQ. The Di-8-ANEPPQ signal from live cultures were visualized using spinning disk confocal microscopy to verify the lipophilic and fluorescent labeling capacity of Di-8-ANEPPQ. Next, the excitation and emission data of Di-8-ANEPPQ were collected between 415 nm and 690 nm using power spectrum module of confocal microscopy. This spectrum analysis could be useful for the researchers who plan to use Di-8-ANEPPQ in combination with other fluorescent dyes to eliminate any florescent overlap. In order to label the heart tissue with tracer dyes Di-8-ANEPPQ or DiI in vivo , the heart was exposed without damaging lungs or other tissues following anesthetization, then the retrograde dye was applied as a paste for DiI or injected to the apex of the heart for Di-8-ANEPPQ and the operation area was sutured. The surgical procedure required intubation to control the respiratory reflex without the need to perform a tracheotomy and yielded high viability. Following labeling the heart in vivo , the heart was dissected, and images of injection area were captured using confocal microscopy. All fluorescent images of Di-8-ANEPPQ labeled cells were analyzed by using the Fiji software. Overall, these data provide applicable data to other investigators to trace the sensory neurons innervating not only the heart but also other organs using Di-8-ANEPPQ. These data support the original research article titled "Evaluation of bilateral cardiac afferent distribution at the spinal and vagal ganglia by retrograde labeling" that was accepted for publication in Brain Research Journal [1]. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
The effect of probiotic and omega-3 supplements on total oxidant and total antioxidant levels in experimental colitis
(2021) İlktaç, Havvanur Yoldaş; Kızıltan, Gül; Ozansoy, Mehmet; Kılıç, Ülkan; Togay, Sine Özmen; Keskin, İlknur; Özdemir, Ekrem Musa; Günal, Mehmet Yalçın
Objective: Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) usually involves medical therapy. For this reason, it is recommended to seek alternative treatment methods such as nutritional therapy. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids on total oxidant and total antioxidant levels in an experimental colitis model. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into five groups (n= 10/group) as healthy group, colitis group, group treated with probiotics (VSL#3), group treated with omega-3 (w-3), and group treated with both probiotics and omega-3. To induce experimental colitis, 200 mg/kg dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) + 30% ethanol combination was rectally administered to anesthetized mice. Total oxidant (TOS) and total antioxidant (TAS) levels were measured at the tissue level. Results: Lower concentrations of TOS were observed in the probiotics groups (2.11 +/- 0.23 mmol H2O2 Eq/L), probiotics+omega-3 (2.56 +/- 1.18 mmol H2O2 Eq/L), and omega-3 (3.02 +/- 1.88 mmol H2O2 Eq/L) groups compared to the colitis group (3.11 +/- 0.91 mmol H2O2 Eq/L) (p>0.05). Higher TOS and TAS level were observed in the control colitis group compared to other groups; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings showed that TAS and TOS levels were positively affected by the use of probiotic supplements in IBD. It was determined that using w-3 alone was ineffective in decreasing TOS levels. Studies with higher dosages and longer treatment periods are needed to better observe the effects of nutritional supplements on TOS and TAS parameters in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Effect of Drip Fertigation with Nitrogen Application on Bioactive Compounds and the Nutritional Value of Potato Tubers before and after Their Long-Term Storage
(2021) Wichrowska, Dorota; Rolbiecki, Roman; Rolbiecki, Stanislaw; Sadan, Hicran A.; Figas, Anna; Jagosz, Barbara; Atılgan, Atılgan
The nutritional value and the content of bioactive compounds in potato tubers are influenced by many soil, climate and agrotechnical factors. This study investigated the effect of drip irrigation and nitrogen fertilization by broadcasting and fertigation on the content of dry matter, starch, monosaccharides, total sugars, vitamin C, polyphenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid and antioxidant activity in tubers of "Augusta " potatoes. Additionally, the magnitude of the changes in the tested components during their long-term storage (6 months) was also assessed. Drip irrigation had a significant positive effect on the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C, monosaccharides, sucrose, total sugars, total polyphenols, chlorogenic acid and antioxidant capacity. Compared to broadcasting fertilization, fertigation significantly increased the content of vitamin C, total polyphenols and chlorogenic acid, as well as the antioxidant activity of potato tubers. Long-term storage contributed to a decrease in the tested components. The exception was the content of monosaccharides, where a more than twofold increase was noted, especially in the case of irrigated tubers. The results of the research showed a beneficial effect of drip irrigation and fertigation on the content of bioactive compounds and the nutritional value of "Augusta " potato tubers.
An investigation of the factors that influence functional improvement in stroke rehabilitation
(2021) Altuntaş, Onur; Taş, Serkan; Çetin, Alp
Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to determine effect of age, sex, affected extremity, disability severity, treatment type, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) etiology, number of treatment sessions, and CVA duration on the functional improvement of the stroke patients who participated in a physical medicine and rehabilitation program. Materials and methods: The research sample consisted of 322 stroke patients. Clinical and demographic features including age, sex, affected extremity, disability severity, treatment type, CVA etiology, number of treatment sessions, and CVA duration were recorded. Functional status was evaluated retrospectively by using the functional independence measure (FIM) at admission and discharge. Results: It was detected that discharge FIM score of the patients exhibited an increase of significance level (p < 0.05). It was found that age, number of treatment sessions, CVA duration and FIM admission score were determinative parameters in FIM gain level (p < 0.05) while sex, affected extremity, and CVA etiology were not effective in FIM gain level (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Results show that functional improvement after rehabilitation was better in the younger ages, shorter CVA durations and moderate functional disturbances. The findings obtained may be useful for stroke rehabilitation triage.
Determination of more than 500 Pesticide Residues in Hen Eggs by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS/MS)
(2021) Gölge, Özgür; Liman, Turan; Kabak, Bülent
This study aims to validate a fast method of simultaneous analysis of 365 LC-amenable and 142 GC-amenable pesticides in hen eggs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), respectively, operating in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition modes. The sample preparation was based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction. Key method performance parameters investigated were specificity, linearity, limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision and measurement uncertainty. The method was validated at two spiking levels (10 and 50 mu g/kg), and good recoveries (70%-120%) and relative standard deviations (RSDs) (<= 20) were achieved for 92.9% of LC-amenable and 86.6% of GC-amenable pesticide residues. The LOQs were <= 10 mu g/kg for 94.2% of LC-amenable and 92.3% of GC-amenable pesticides. The validated method was further applied to 100 egg samples from caged hens, and none of the pesticides was quantified.
Use of Microalgae Biomass for Fortification of Food Products from Grain
(2021) Bazarnova, Julia; Nilova, Liudmila; Trukhina, Elena; Bernavskaya, Maya; Smyatskaya, Yulia; Aktar, Tuğba
This article describes the use of Chlorella sorokiniana biomass additives in pasta recipes to enrich the product with biologically active phytonutrients, as well as to achieve the desired color range without the use of synthetic dyes. Samples of dry biomass were obtained by the cultivation of microalgae C. sorokiniana (strain), its quality indicators and nutritional value were determined for use as a food additive. A method of using dry biomass of microalgae C. sorokiniana as a phytoadditive to replace 5% of flour mixture for effective enrichment of pasta with biologically active phytonutrients was proposed. The choice of the optimal amount of addition of microalgae biomass was proved since it turned out that the replacement of flour should be no more than 5% due to the distinct fish flavor of the final product. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding dry biomass of Chlorella microalgae on total protein, lipid, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. Substitution of 5% of pasta flour led to an increase in the content of proteins and lipids to 15.7 +/- 0.50% and 4.1 +/- 0.06%, respectively. Meanwhile, the addition of microalgae Chlorella to pasta has helped to increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, chlorophyll, and carotenoids which are necessary for the prevention of foodborne diseases. The aim of this study is to develop pasta recipe with additives of microalgae biomass C. sorokiniana and study their quality indicators.

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