Impact of fermented foods consumption on gastrointestinal wellbeing in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.authorid0000-0002-8816-8240
dc.authorid0000-0002-8077-8140
dc.contributor.authorMukherjee, Arghya
dc.contributor.authorFarsi, Dominic N.
dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Gutierrez, Enriqueta
dc.contributor.authorAkan, Ecem
dc.contributor.authorMillan, Jose Angel Salas
dc.contributor.authorAngelovski, Ljupco
dc.contributor.authorBintsis, Thomas
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:29:28Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:29:28Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective: In recent years, the consumption of fermented foods (FFs) has been linked with gastrointestinal health and wellbeing. Here, we systematically review and meta-analyse the currently available evidence relating to this as part of the COST Action PIMENTO and guided by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) health claim dossiers. Methods: MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane CENTRAL bibliographic libraries were searched for relevant literature up to 31st January 2025. All eligible studies were included for narrative review as per EFSA guidelines, but only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were considered for meta-analyses. Risk of bias, mechanisms of action, bioactive compounds and safety were additionally discussed. Data was pooled using mean difference (MD)/standardized MD for continuous data and relative risk (RR) for dichotomous data. Certainty of evidence was evaluated through GRADE assessment. Results: A total of 25 studies (19 RCTs included in meta-analysis) with 4,328 participants were included in the systematic review. Meta-analysis demonstrated the beneficial impact of FF consumption on frequency of bowel movements (MD 0.60, CI 0.04, 1.16, p = 0.04, I-2 = 74%), stool consistency (Bristol Stool Form Scale) (MD 0.25, CI 0.03, 0.47, p = 0.03, I-2 = 72%), gastrointestinal symptoms (SMD -0.60, CI -1.05, -0.15, p = 0.009, I-2 = 90%) and intestinal transit time (-13.65 CI -21.88, -5.43, p = 0.001, I-2 = 95%), among others. Certainty of evidence was highly variable and mostly low. Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that FF consumption beneficially impacts the frequency of bowel movements, stool consistency, incidence of hard stools, intestinal transit time, abdominal symptoms, bloating, borborygmi, flatulence and degree of constipation. Systematic review registration: This study was registered at the Open Science Framework (osf.io, registration number: q8yzd).
dc.description.sponsorshipCOST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [PIMENTO CA20128]; European Union - Spanish Ministry of Universities [MF20210247]; [BG22/00060]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action PIMENTO CA20128, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). AM was supported by the Marie Sk & lstrok;odowska-Curie Career-FIT PLUS Fellowship (MF20210247); this project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Sk & lstrok;odowska-Curie Grant Agreement (as per Article 29.4 of the grant agreement). EG-G was funded by a Beatriz Galindo fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Universities (BG22/00060).
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnut.2025.1668889
dc.identifier.issn2296-861X
dc.identifier.pmid41141260
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105021529813
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1668889
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/5385
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001600635200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media Sa
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Nutrition
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectfermented foods
dc.subjectgut microbiome
dc.subjectconstipation
dc.subjectstool frequency
dc.subjectstool consistency
dc.subjectgastrointestinal health
dc.subjectbloating
dc.subjectflatulence
dc.titleImpact of fermented foods consumption on gastrointestinal wellbeing in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.typeReview Article

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