Exergy Efficiency of Closed and Unsteady-Flow Systems

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dc.authorid0000-0002-8057-5036
dc.authorid0000-0002-6042-0758
dc.contributor.authorCengel, Yunus A.
dc.contributor.authorKanoglu, Mehmet
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:29:30Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:29:30Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractExergy efficiency is viewed as the degree of approaching reversible operation, with a value of 100 percent for a reversible process characterized by zero entropy generation or equivalently zero exergy destruction since Xdestroyed = T0Sgen. As such, exergy efficiency becomes a measure of thermodynamic perfection. There are different conceptual definitions of exergy efficiency, the most common ones being (1) the ratio of exergy output to exergy input eta ex = Xoutput/Xinput = 1 - (Xdestroyed + Xloss)/Xinput, (2) the ratio of the product exergy to fuel exergy eta ex = Xproduct/Xfuel = 1 - (Xdestroyed + Xloss)/Xfuel, and (3) the ratio of exergy recovered to exergy expended eta ex = Xrecovered/Xexpended = 1 - Xdestroyed/Xexpended. Most exergy efficiency definitions are formulated with steady-flow systems in mind, and they are generally applied to systems in steady operation such as power plants and refrigeration systems whose exergy content remains constant. If these definitions are to be used for closed and unsteady-flow systems, the terms need to be interpreted broadly to account for the exergy change of the systems as exergy input or output, as appropriate. In this paper, general exergy efficiency relations are developed for closed and unsteady-flow systems and their use is demonstrated with applications. Also, the practicality of the use of the term exergy loss Xloss is questioned, and limitations on the definition eta ex = Wact,out/Wrev,out are discussed.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/e27090943
dc.identifier.issn1099-4300
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.pmid41008069
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105017468990
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/e27090943
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/5415
dc.identifier.volume27
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001579748400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofEntropy
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectthermodynamics
dc.subjectexergy
dc.subjectexergy analysis
dc.subjectexergy efficiency
dc.subjectexergy destruction
dc.subjectsecond-law analysis
dc.subjectsecond-law efficiency
dc.titleExergy Efficiency of Closed and Unsteady-Flow Systems
dc.typeArticle

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