Determination of Pesticide Residues in Vine Leaves Using the QuEChERS Method and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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dc.authorid0000-0001-7816-6308
dc.authorid0000-0001-6047-4302
dc.contributor.authorKeklik, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorGolge, Ozgur
dc.contributor.authorAngel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorKabak, Bulent
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:26:34Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:26:34Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractCommercial viticulture necessitates regular pesticide applications to manage diseases and pests, raising significant concerns regarding pesticide residues among stakeholders. Due to health risks associated with these residues in Turkish vine leaves, the European Commission has increased the frequency of official control from 20% to 50%. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine multi-class pesticide residues in brined vine leaves from Turkey. A total of 766 samples of vine leaves were collected between May 2022 and June 2023. More than 500 residues were analyzed using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In-house validation data demonstrated that the analytical method exhibits fit-for-purpose performance in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, and measurement uncertainty. Out of 766 samples analyzed, 180 samples (23.5%) contained one (131, 17.1%) or multiple (49, 6.4%) pesticides. Both the frequencies of occurrence and the rate of maximum residue level (MRL) exceedance increased in 2023 compared to 2022, with the MRL exceedance rate rising from 9.5% to 25.2%. Forty-three different residues were found in quantifiable concentrations and eight of them were non-approved. Among the residues, the non-systemic pyrethroid insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin (8.0%) and cypermethrin (7.2%), were the two most frequently detected, with concentrations ranging from 0.010 to 0.248 mg kg-1 and from 0.011 to 0.533 mg kg-1, respectively. Turkey is a major exporter of vine leaves and these results provide crucial information regarding pesticide occurrence and quality assessment of vine leaves. The significant increase in both pesticide occurrence and MRL exceedance rates between 2022 and 2023 underscores the urgency for regulatory bodies to reassess current pesticide usage and monitoring practices. The findings emphasize the importance of implementing more stringent rules and improving enforcement methods in order to reduce the spread of unapproved pesticides and ensure adherence to global food safety standards.
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversidad EAN
dc.description.sponsorshipNo Statement Available
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/foods13060909
dc.identifier.issn2304-8158
dc.identifier.issue6
dc.identifier.pmid38540899
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85188711288
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/foods13060909
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/4762
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001191525300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofFoods
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectfood safety
dc.subjectgreen leaves
dc.subjectLC-MS/MS
dc.subjectmethod validation
dc.subjectsample preparation
dc.subjectpesticides
dc.titleDetermination of Pesticide Residues in Vine Leaves Using the QuEChERS Method and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
dc.typeArticle

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