Lignin activated carbon obtained by a environmentally friendly green production process using deep eutectic solvents

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dc.authorid0000-0003-1119-4501
dc.authorid0000-0002-2602-2211
dc.authorid0000-0002-3079-9015
dc.authorid0000-0002-7484-2126
dc.contributor.authorAydemir, Deniz
dc.contributor.authorErgun, Mehmet Emin
dc.contributor.authorGulsoy, Sezgin Koray
dc.contributor.authorOzan, Zeynep Eda
dc.contributor.authorGunduz, Gokhan
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:30:49Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:30:49Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study was to produce activated carbon (AC) from lignin obtained with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) of choline chloride-lactic acid. For this, lignin particles were produced using the DES. The DES lignin (DES-Lig) was modified with zinc dichloride, and the lignin activated carbon (lig-AC) was produced by carbonization at 600 and 900 degrees C. In this study, the AC obtained from the commercial lignin was also used to determine the changes in the lig-AC from the lignin obtained with the DES. The material properties were investigated using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the structural properties were investigated with X-ray diffractometry (XRD) of the lig-ACs. The commercial and DES-Lig exhibited different microscopic morphologies. The surface area of the samples generally ranged from 504 to 698 g/cm2, and they included both micro- and mesopores according to SEM characterization. The XRD analysis showed that the ACs obtained have an amorphous structure, and thermogravimetric analysis of the ACs exhibited similar thermal behavior to that in the literature. The best morphological structure was found in the ACs prepared from lignin with the DES at 900 degrees C according to the results of SEM, TGA, XRD and BET analysis. The proximate analysis showed that the best ACs contain 1.5% moisture, 6.5% volatile matter, 5.5% ash content and 86.5% fixed carbon. According to the elemental analysis, the amounts of essential elements, including C, H, N and O were investigated, and the best activated carbon was determined to be the DES-Lig at 900 degrees C according to BET and the proximate fixed carbon results.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/bbb.2576
dc.identifier.endpage264
dc.identifier.issn1932-104X
dc.identifier.issn1932-1031
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85180457168
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage251
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2576
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/5436
dc.identifier.volume18
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001129034300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofBiofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectactivated carbon
dc.subjectlignin
dc.subjectdeep eutectic solvents
dc.subjecteco-friendly production
dc.titleLignin activated carbon obtained by a environmentally friendly green production process using deep eutectic solvents
dc.typeArticle

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