Solar-Powered Biomass Revalorization for Pet Food and Compost: A Campus-Scale Eco-Circular System Based on Energy Performance Contracting

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dc.authorid0000-0003-2264-4555
dc.authorid0000-0002-0243-5476
dc.contributor.authorAkbulut, Leyla
dc.contributor.authorCosgun, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorAldulaimi, Mohammed Hasan
dc.contributor.authorKhafaji, Salwan Obaid Waheed
dc.contributor.authorAtilgan, Atilgan
dc.contributor.authorKilic, Mehmet
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-24T12:26:35Z
dc.date.available2026-01-24T12:26:35Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIntegrating renewable energy with biomass valorization offers a scalable pathway toward circular and climate-resilient campus operations. This study presents a replicable model implemented at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University (ALKU, Turkiye), where post-consumer food waste from 30 cafeteria menus is converted into pet food and compost using a 150 L ECOAIR-150 thermal drying and grinding unit powered entirely by a 1.7 MW rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system. The PV infrastructure, established under Turkiye's first public-sector Energy Performance Contract (EPC), ensures zero-electricity-cost operation. On average, 260 kg of organic waste are processed monthly, yielding 180 kg of pet food and 50 kg of compost, with an energy demand of 1.6 kWh h(-1) and a conversion efficiency of 68.4%, resulting in approximately 17.5 t CO2 emissions avoided annually. Economic analysis indicates a monthly revenue of USD 55-65 and a payback period of similar to 36 months. Sensitivity analysis highlights the influence of input quality, seasonal waste composition, PV output variability, and operational continuity during academic breaks. Compared with similar initiatives in the literature, this model uniquely integrates EPC financing, renewable energy generation, and waste-to-product transformation within an academic setting, contributing directly to SDGs 7, 12, and 13.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pr13092719
dc.identifier.issn2227-9717
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105017126872
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092719
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12868/4784
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001581483500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofProcesses
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260121
dc.subjectbiomass valorization
dc.subjectsolar energy integration
dc.subjectenergy performance contract
dc.subjectwaste recycling
dc.subjectcircular economy
dc.subjectpet food production
dc.subjectcomposting systems
dc.subjectsustainable campus
dc.subjectrenewable energy systems
dc.titleSolar-Powered Biomass Revalorization for Pet Food and Compost: A Campus-Scale Eco-Circular System Based on Energy Performance Contracting
dc.typeArticle

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