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Öğe Digital footprints and recruitment: an experimental study on the impact of social media content on hiring decisions(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Turker, Nazli; Unguren, EnginIntroduction The aim of this study is to reveal the extent to which and the ways in which the content that candidates share on their social media profiles influences the evaluations of decision-makers in recruitment processes.Methods To that end, an experimental study was conducted with 480 managers and human resources specialists authorized in recruitment processes at four- and five-star hotels in different regions of T & uuml;rkiye. A fictional scenario was developed to create a realistic recruitment situation. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group and two experimental groups, where they examined r & eacute;sum & eacute;s of candidates together with social media profiles, manipulated to appear either professional or non-professional, and evaluated their hiring intentions. Thus, the study tested the weight of personal signals perceived from social media posts, alongside the professional competencies and experience stated in the candidates' r & eacute;sum & eacute;s, in the decision-making processes of evaluators.Results The findings show that social media content significantly influences perceptions of professional competence and person-organization fit, thereby altering hiring intention. In particular, negative social media content was found to overshadow the professional competence signal, even for highly qualified candidates, leading to a prioritization of perceived cultural fit. In contrast, professional content enabled candidates to send a positive fit signal, supporting hiring intention.Discussion and conclusion Social media profiles function as a strategic moderator that reinforces or weakens the technical signals presented in r & eacute;sum & eacute;s and substantially shapes the perceived suitability of candidates. These results indicate that social media content is not only a supplementary source of information but also a strong signaling mechanism that guides recruitment decisions. The study makes theoretical contributions to Signaling Theory and provides important practical implications regarding the use of social media in recruitment processes.Öğe Exploring the effect of push and pull motivation factors on destination satisfaction: Empirical evidence from amenity migration perspectives(Varna Univ Management-Vum, 2021) Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer Akgun; Bayirli, MehmetThis study was carried out within the context of amenity migration addressed as a category of post-tourism movements group with a purposeful sample of 489 participants. The main purpose of this research is to explore the motivations of participants of different nationalities in Alanya by using a push and pull framework and to investigate the relationship between motivation and overall destination satisfaction. A quantitative research methodology was adopted, and the descriptive and explanatory research methods were used. The findings of this study indicated that pull and push motivations of participants differ according to country origin. Furthermore, the results revealed that push and pull motivations significantly influence destination satisfaction. Moreover, it was concluded that push motivation factors of Middle Eastern and Russian participants had a higher impact on destination satisfaction than European participants. Findings of the research were discussed along with their theoretical contributions and managerial implications.Öğe Exploring the Interplay of Competition and Justice: A Moderated Mediation Model of Competitive Psychological Climate, Workplace Envy, Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior, and Organizational Justice(Mdpi, 2024) Yildiz, Sevcan; Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer Akgun; Derman, EnginThe competitive psychological environment that arises within an organization is widely recognized as a crucial factor impacting employee performance and, indirectly, overall business productivity. Nonetheless, mishandling this environment can result in unforeseen challenges. Thus, a moderated mediation model was employed in this study to ascertain the adverse effects of competitive psychological climate and how to mitigate said effects. Data were collected via a survey of 523 employees of four- and five-star accommodation establishments in Alanya and Manavgat using convenience sampling. This study revealed that a competitive work environment leads to increased workplace envy, which adversely affects interpersonal citizenship behavior. Additionally, it was discovered that workplace envy mediates the effects of competitive climate on interpersonal citizenship behavior. The negative impact of competitive psychological climate on workplace envy and interpersonal citizenship behavior is mitigated by organizational justice. This study's results offer significant contributions to both theoretical and practical understandings of the potential effects of competitive psychological climate and how to handle them.Öğe How and when perceived CSR enhances employees' helping behaviour and creativity: moderating role of Ramadan food packages(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Bogan, Erhan; Dedeoglu, Bekir Bora; Usman, Muhammad; Unguren, Engin; Bani-Melhem, ShakerCurrent study examines Ramadan food package as a moderator in the indirect impacts of employee CSR perception on helping behaviour and creativity via attitude toward helping others (AHO). The study also tests the role of positive reciprocity as a moderator on the link between AHO-helping behaviour and AHO-creativity. We collected research data from 705 five-star hotel employees in Alanya, T & uuml;rkiye. We used PLS-SEM to test the research model. Our findings indicated that AHO partially mediated the effect of employee CSR perception on helping behaviour and creativity. The positive reciprocity moderated the impact of AHO on helping behaviour and creativity. Moreover, Ramadan food package amplified the impacts employee perception of hotel CSR on creativity and helping behaviour through mediating role of AHO. The findings are discussed, and implications for both theory and practice are presented.Öğe How does COVID-19 fear affect job insecurity and stress for hospitality employees? A moderated mediation model for age and financial status(Escola Superior Gestao Hotelaria & Turismo, Univ Algarve, 2022) Unguren, Engin; Arslan, SerdarThis study aims to understand the integrated effect of COVID-19 fear, age, financial situation, and job insecurity on the perceived stress of employees of five-star hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic by proposing a moderated mediation model. A survey was administered to 631 hotel employees working in 22 different five-star hotels in Alanya, Turkey. Moderator, mediation, and moderated mediation relationships were tested with the SPSS macro PROCESS. It was found that COVID-19 fear has both direct and interactive effects on stress and job insecurity, and the indirect effect of COVID-19 fear on stress through job insecurity varies according to the age of the employees and their financial status. The results, which contribute to a better understanding of the effects of COVID-19 on hospitality employees, point out the importance of financial support (organisational and governmental) and transparent communication between the management and employees in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is also suggested that hotels should review their unpaid leave policies. The limitations of the study are discussed at the end.Öğe Hubristik Liderlik Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması(2025) Uysal, Şerife Alev; Çelık, Rukıye; Unguren, EnginLiderlik konusu her zaman merak edilen, araştıran ve araştırmaya devam edilen bir konudur. Çünkü liderlerin davranışları ve kararları toplum ve işletmeleri derinden etkilemektedir. Haliyle liderlik çalışmaları liderlik özelliklerinin örgütleri nasıl başarıya ulaşabileceğinin yanı sıra nasıl başarısızlığa götürebileceğine dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Hubris sendromu ve hubristik davranışlara ilişkin kapsamlı bir akademik yazın olmasına rağmen Hubristik Liderliği değerlendirecek nitelikte elverişli bir ölçme aracı bulunmamaktadır. Bu problemden hareketle çalışmanın amacı çok boyutlu Hubristik Liderlik Ölçeği geliştirmek ve test etmektir. Sağlık çalışanları ve akademisyenler ile gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerin analizinden elde edilen ve uzman görüşü ile son hali verilen 35 maddelik Hubristik Liderlik Ölçeği 491 öğretim elemanı ve öğretim üyesine uygulanmıştır. Keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, güvenilir, yakınsak ve ayırt edici geçerliliğe sahip, 35 madde ve altı boyuttan oluşan Hubristik Liderlik ölçeği elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen boyutlar büyüklük sanrısı, istismar etme, küçümseme ve aşağılama, güç baskısı, sosyal beğenirlik ve imaj olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında Hubristik Liderlik Ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Öğe Identifying the Factors Affecting Second-Home Purchase Decisions of Foreigners in Turkey: An Exploratory Mixed-Method Approach(Inst Tourism, 2021) Unguren, Engin; Kacmaz, Yasar YigitTurkey has been among the most preferred countries by foreigners for purchasing a second home (SH) since the beginning of the 2000s. This explorative and descriptive study aims to determine the factors which affect the purchasing behaviors of foreigners who have bought an SH in Turkey in the framework of nationalities. The study employed a sequential mixed method, which included quantitative and qualitative aspects. As a result of the qualitative research, it was found that the factors affecting the decisions of foreign residents to purchase a home in Alanya were grouped under four main themes and twelve subthemes. A quantitative method was conducted based on the results of the qualitative research as well as the literature review. The results of the study show that the SH purchasing behavior of foreigners and their intentions of purchasing are significantly differentiated according to nationalities. This study contributes insight into the issue of the SH buying behavior of foreigners and presents marketing and managerial implications.Öğe Individual Differences in Plate Wasting Behavior: The Roles of Dispositional Greed, Impulsivity, Food Satisfaction, and Ecolabeling(Mdpi, 2023) Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer Akgun; Avsalli, Huseyin; Kacmaz, Yasar YigitThis study examines the effects of dispositional greed, impulsivity, food satisfaction, and ecolabeling on consumers' plate waste in all-inclusive hotels. Using a moderated mediation research model, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1253 tourists of different nationalities, all staying in five-star hotels in Alanya, Turkiye. The results show that both dispositional greed and impulsivity positively predict and significantly contribute to plate waste. Conversely, food satisfaction was found to be an influential variable that moderates the effects of greed and impulsivity on plate waste, highlighting its critical role in waste reduction strategies. Ecolabels, despite their intended purpose, were not found to have a significant impact on consumer attitudes toward plate waste. Future research is encouraged to explore strategies to counteract dispositional greed and impulsivity, given their significant impact on plate waste behavior. At the same time, refining methods to promote food satisfaction and the effective use of ecolabels may contribute significantly to reducing plate waste in all-inclusive resorts. This research contributes to our understanding of the psychological factors that influence consumer behavior in buffet settings and provides guidance to hospitality industry practitioners seeking to reduce waste.Öğe Is it possible to overcome the bias in the recruitment process? An experimental study on halo and contrast effect(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, 2024) Unguren, Engin; Turker, NazliThis study aims to determine whether or not candidates' curriculum vitae generate halo and contrast effects on recruiters' decisions for a particular professional position. The true experimental design of the study was conducted. A total of 900 university students in tourism participated in the study. A fictional scenario based on recruitment was set up and evaluations were tested with research questions regarding said scenarios. Respondents in control and experiment groups evaluated with 15-day intervals the curriculum vitae of different candidates, who applied for a front office department manager position, concerning their professional adequacy, perceived performance, and employability. Findings revealed that respondents base their candidate evaluations on comparisons rather than the requirements of the position. Moreover, respondents are observed to make inferences regarding candidates' personality traits based on the information they provide in their curriculum vitae. The findings of the study contribute to understanding potential rater bias in recruitment.Öğe Konaklama İşletmelerinde Düzenlenen Türk Gecesi Etkinliklerinin Türk Kültürüne Uygunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi: Keşifsel Bir Araştırma(2020) Unguren, Engin; Öztürk, Mehmet; Kaçmaz, Yaşar YiğitBu çalışmada konaklama işletmelerinde düzenlenen Türk Gecesi etkinlikleri ele alınmıştır. Keşfedici araştırma türü kapsamında gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın iki temel amacı bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın birinci amacını, Alanya bölgesinde yer alan beş yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerinde Türk Gecesi adı altında hangi etkinliklerin gerçekleştirildiğinin, nelerin yapıldığının belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın ikinci amacını ise Türk Geceleri altında gerçekleştirilen faaliyetlerinin Türk Kültürü açısından ne kadar uygun ve doğru uygulamalar olduğunun belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu iki amacı gerçekleştirmek için araştırmada nitel ve nicel yöntemleri içeren karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri katılımcı gözlem tekniği ile Alanya bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren 14 beş yıldızlı konaklama işletmesinden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel verileri ise 87 farklı üniversitede Türk Halk Bilimi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Tarih ve Turizm alanında çalışan 326 akademisyenden ele edilmiştir. Araştırmada konaklama işletmelerinde düzenlenen Türk Gecesi gösterimlerinin çok kısıtlı etkinliklerden oluştuğu, zengin bir içerik barındırmadığı, bazı etkinlik ve gösterilerin Türk Kültürüne uygun olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçların Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirasın korunması bağlamında konaklama işletmelerinde gerçekleştirilen Türk Gecesi etkinliklerinin doğru bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektirÖğe The cost of smile: how individual and organizational factors moderate the impact of emotional labor on work alienation via burnout(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer Akgun; Avsalli, HuseyinIntroduction In the tourism industry, frontline employees are exposed to intense customer interactions that require emotional labor. It is critically important to understand the effects of surface acting and deep acting strategies-performed within the framework of organizational display rules-on adverse psychological consequences such as burnout and work alienation. Building on the Conservation of Resources (COR) and Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theories, this study examines the mechanisms and boundary conditions of this negative cycle. This study examines an integrated model examining the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between emotional labor strategies (surface and deep acting) and work alienation, and the moderating (buffering) roles of service orientation (as a personal resource) and managerial support (as an organizational resource) in this process.Method Data were collected through random sampling from 1,252 employees working in five-star hotels located in the Alanya and Manavgat regions of T & uuml;rkiye and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).Results The findings revealed that surface acting significantly increased both burnout and work alienation, whereas deep acting significantly mitigated these adverse outcomes. Burnout was identified as a partial mediator in the relationship between emotional labor strategies and work alienation. A key finding was the significant buffering effect of both service orientation and managerial support on the relationship between emotional labor and burnout. These resources substantially weakened the positive effect of surface acting on burnout, thereby reducing its detrimental consequences.Discussion The results demonstrate that the negative psychological costs of emotional labor can be effectively managed through individual and organizational resources. Theoretically, integrating multi-level resources within a unified model provides a more nuanced understanding for the emotional labor literature. Practically, the findings suggest that hospitality organizations should prioritize selecting service-oriented individuals during recruitment and invest in training programs that foster supportive leadership behaviors among managers.Öğe THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE ONLINE MEDIA ON RECRUITMENT DECISIONS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR(Fundacao Getulio Vargas, 2023) Unguren, Engin; Turker, NazliThis research aims to determine whether collaborative hypertext dictionaries (CHDs) offer warranties within the scope of the warranting theory. A fictional script based on recruitment processes was used to examine whether the comments about persons in CHDs offer warranties to recruiters. The study was conducted with a posttest-only control group design from amongst true experimental designs. The sample consisted of 359 persons, including board members of five-star accommodation establishments with recruitment privileges, deputy general managers, accounting managers, and human resources staff. The study concluded that positive or negative comments about applicants in CHDs significantly impact the recruiters' perspective of them. Also, the research considered important resources in recruitment processes when it comes to offering warranties. The research findings provide a practical contribution by revealing the effect of applicants' social media content on the recruiter's choice.Öğe The Effects of Job Stress on Burnout and Turnover Intention: The Moderating Effects of Job Security and Financial Dependency(Mdpi, 2024) Unguren, Engin; Onur, Neslihan; Demirel, Husne; Tekin, Omer Akgun(1) Background: The hospitality industry is known for exposing employees to work stress, which can lead to work-related burnout and high turnover rates. This study aims to examine the relationships between work stress, work-related burnout, and turnover intention. It also explores the mediating role of work-related burnout and the moderating role of job security and financial dependence. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 494 hotel employees working in five-star hotels in Belek and Manavgat, T & uuml;rkiye, using a moderated mediation research model. The study found that work stress increases work-related burnout, which in turn increases turnover intention. Additionally, work-related burnout was found to mediate the relationship between work stress and turnover intention. Furthermore, it was found that perceived job security moderates the relationship between work stress levels and work-related burnout. Additionally, the variable of financial dependence was found to moderate the relationship between employees' levels of work-related burnout and their turnover intentions. Similarly, the study found that the financial dependence variable moderates the effect of work-related burnout on employees' turnover intention. Additionally, the study found that employees' perception of job security moderates the impact of work stress on work-related burnout. In conclusion, the study suggests that positive perceptions of job security can mitigate the impact of work stress on work-related burnout. Similarly, the impact of work-related burnout on turnover intention diminishes as the degree of financial dependence rises.Öğe The effects of social disconnectedness, social media addiction, and social appearance anxiety on tourism students' career intentions: The moderating role of self-efficacy and physical activity(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer AkgunThis study aims to explore the relationships between social disconnectedness, social media addiction, social appearance anxiety and the career intentions of hospitality and tourism students in the industry. Moreover, it examines the moderating roles of physical activity and self-efficacy on these relationships. Data were collected through questionnaires from undergraduate students at the departments of tourism management, gastronomy and culinary arts, recreation management and tourist guidance across nine different universities. A convenience sampling method, one of the non-probability sampling methods, was employed, reaching a total of 719 respondents. The study revealed that social disconnectedness increased social media addiction, which in turn escalated social appearance anxiety, thereby reducing the students' intention to build a career in tourism. Nevertheless, it was found that physical activity can mitigate the negative impact of social disconnectedness on social media addiction. Additionally, self-efficacy buffered the adverse effect of social appearance anxiety on the intention to pursue a career in tourism. The results of this study provide valuable insights and recommendations for tourism education and career counseling, enabling a deeper comprehension of the psychosocial factors that may influence students' career development and intentions.Öğe THE IMPACT OF PROFESSIONALISM ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE IN HOSPITALITY BUSINESSES(2023) Kaçmaz, Yaşar Yiğit; Unguren, EnginDespite the crises deeply affecting the tourism industry, the number of hospitality businesses in Turkey increase every year, and the competition between them becomes fiercer. Identifying the factors, contributing to competitive advantages, is crucial for hospitality companies that wish to succeed, grow and be present in a competitive market. In this context, this study aims to examine the effect professionalization has on competitive advantage in hospitality businesses, mediated by organizational resilience. Having adopted a quantitative research method, the study utilized convenience sampling and questionnaires to collect data. Managers from the five-star hospitality businesses in Alanya and Manavgat provided the data for the study. In total, 414 questionnaires were collected for the analyses. According to the findings, acquired from the structural model, professionalization positively predicts organizational resilience and competitive power, while organizational resilience also does the same for competitive power. Furthermore, the relationship between professionalization and competitive power is fully mediated by organizational resilience. In general, the results of the study show that qualified managers and employees play key roles in acquiring competitive power by improving organizational resilience. The findings of the study present empirical outcomes that can be deemed guidelines for hospitality businesses to acquire and sustain competitive power in today’s rapidly changing environment, fiercely competitive market and frequently surging crises.Öğe The impact of rumination on life satisfaction of hotel employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of sedentary lifestyle(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2023) Unguren, Engin; Ceyhan, Sefa; Turker, NazliBACKGROUND It is important to determine the individual factors that cause the differentiation of negative reactions of individuals due to epidemics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of a sedentary lifestyle and the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between rumination and life satisfaction. Intense rumination is known to have a negative impact on individuals' life satisfaction levels. Very little is known about variables that may mediate and moderate this relationship. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The study was conducted with staff members of five-star accommodation establishments in Turkey. Data were collected with a quantitative research method via questionnaires, completed by 386 full-time employees. RESULTS The results show that rumination negatively affects life satisfaction, and fear of COVID-19 has a mediating roleÖğe The relationship between workplace toxicity, stress, physical activity and emotional eating(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Unguren, Engin; Tekin, Omer AkgunThis study examines the relationship between perceived workplace toxicity and stress of employees in the hospitality industry and emotional eating behaviors within the context of their physical activity levels. A cross-sectional design from amongst the quantitative research methods was used, in which data were collected via questionnaires from 846 participants who work in five-star hotels in Alanya, Turkey. The study concluded that workplace toxicity positively predicts stress and emotional eating, and the impact of workplace toxicity on emotional eating occurs via stress. Furthermore, physical activity plays a moderating role in the effect of workplace toxicity and stress on emotional eating. As employees' physical activity levels drop, the effect of both stress and workplace toxicity on emotional eating significantly increases. These results reveal that physical activity buffers the negative effects of workplace toxicity and stress on emotional eating.
