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Altered thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications
(Sbem-Soc Brasil Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2025) Aslanoglu, Nuri; Keskek, Sakir Ozgur; Neselioglu, Salim; Eren, Funda
Objective: To evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications on thiol/disulfide homeostasis. Methods: The study included 381 participants divided into six groups: healthy controls (Group 1; n = 91), patients with prediabetes (Group 2; n = 50), patients with diabetes mellitus without complications (Group 3; n = 70), patients with diabetic retinopathy (Group 4; n = 47), patients with diabetic nephropathy (Group 5; n = 70), and patients with diabetic foot (Group 6; n = 53). Thiol/disulfide homeostasis was determined by measuring the reduction reaction of oxidized thiols. Results: Native thiol levels were low in patients with diabetes mellitus complications (Group 4, 264.7 +/- 58.5 mu mol/L; Group 5, 246.6 +/- 67.5 mu mol/L; Group 6, 174.3 +/- 65.9 mu mol/L), as were total thiol levels. The highest and lowest disulfide levels were observed in Group 1(controls; 20.4 +/- 5.2 mu mol/L) and Group 6 (16.2 +/- 5.7 mu mol/L), respectively. The disulfide/native thiol ratio was increased in Groups 4, 5, and 6 compared with Groups 1, 2, and 3. Conclusion: The presence of diabetes mellitus complications substantially decreased native thiol, total thiol, and disulfide levels.