Yazar "Zema, Demetrio Antonio" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Comparison of Irrigation Management in Water User Associations of Italy, Spain and Turkey Using Benchmarking Techniques
    (Springer, 2023) Arslan, Firat; Corcoles Tendero, Juan Ignacio; Rodriguez Diaz, Juan Antonio; Zema, Demetrio Antonio
    This study analyses the collective management of irrigation water in 42 WUAs operating in agricultural regions of Italy, Spain and Turkey. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (AHCA) are used for benchmarking the technical and financial performance of the WUAs. The analysis shows that the Spanish WUAs, which have less staff (-90%) and higher revenue collection (-53%), perform better than the WUAs of the other two countries. PCA and AHCA indicate that the technical and financial performance of the Turkish and some Spanish WUAs are similar. The Italian and Turkish associations have very large irrigation areas, and WUAs, which may be one of the reasons for the poor management in some organization areas of these countries. Specifically, Italy has excessive Management, Operation and Maintenance costs (up to 1500 is an element of/ha-yr) and large staff numbers (5 persons per 100 ha of irrigated area), while Turkey has high water waste (up to 15000 m(3)/ha-yr) and insufficient revenue collection (about 60%). Based on the benchmarking results, recommendations are made, to improve the water use and financial performance of the Italian and Turkish WUAs.
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    Evaluation of Performance in Collective Irrigation Agencies: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis
    (Wiley, 2025) Vafaei, Elahe; Arslan, Firat; Lucas-borja, Manuel Esteban; Ahangarkolaee, Saeed Shahabi; Zema, Demetrio Antonio; Zimbone, Santo Marcello
    This study has carried out a comprehensive review of 51 studies using the original set of performance indicators (PIs) proposed by Malano and Burton in 2001, in order to evaluate the performance of collective irrigation agencies (CIAs) on a global scale. Bibliographic analysis has revealed a concentration of papers in semi-arid areas, especially in Spain and Turkey. The meta-analysis allowed a comprehensive diagnosis of CIAs operating in four countries (Italy, Malaysia, Spain and Turkey). The good performance of the CIAs was clearly associated with the following factors: satisfactory coverage of irrigation services, water delivery efficiency, financial self-sufficiency, capacity of fee collection and economic production. These factors included responses to smaller command areas, the prevalence of on-demand water distribution methods and water-conveying systems in pressured pipelines, and the significant presence of farm drip systems. In contrast, the poorly performing CIAs presented poor irrigation service coverage and an excessive water supply to crops and personnel staff. These issues led to insufficient system operations as well as to poor economic performance, due to low financial self-sufficiency, capacity of fee collection, economic production and high maintenance, operation and management costs.
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    Performance Indicators for Improving Irrigation Management in Aegean District
    (2024) Arslan, Fırat; Zema, Demetrio Antonio
    Water is vital for agriculture and its effective use has become imperative. The largest share of freshwater use in the world is in the agricultural sector with a rate of approximately 70%. Therefore, the evaluation of irrigation schemes is of great importance. In Türkiye, irrigation schemes are managed and distributed by organizations such as water user associations, municipalities, and irrigation cooperatives. In Türkiye, irrigation schemes with a service area of 500 ha or more are managed by water user associations. In this study, Ahmetli, Salihli and Menemen water user associations’ irrigation schemes, where the Gediz River is used as a water source, were chosen as materials. The selected irrigation schemes service area constitutes 60% of the total service area in the region (DSI (General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works) 2nd Region (Aegean region)). The service area of Ahmetli irrigation scheme is 50,532 ha, 22,797 ha in Salihli and 22,865 ha in Menemen. The main crop pattern of the irrigation area is vineyards, corn and cotton. These irrigation schemes were evaluated using performance indicators such as water supply, irrigation rate, and amount of irrigation water used per unit area. The raw data sets obtained from DSI cover the years 2007 and 2021. As a result, when looking at the average performance, relative water supply, irrigation rate and amount of irrigation water used per unit area were found to be 0.70, 57.99 and 7682.45 m3 ha-1, respectively. Although 70% of the irrigation water need can be met with the water diversion to the system, the irrigation ratio was approximately 58% indicating the problems in transferring water to the system and the irrigation techniques used by farmers on the field are not modern. In addition, the main reasons for the unirrigated areas, are social and economic reasons (137 ha in the Menemen WUA) and the lack of water supply in the Salihli and Ahmetli WUAs, 2319 ha and 11320 ha cannot be irrigated, respectively. Modernization seems inevitable for more effective use of our water resources. The most effective techniques in this modernization are land consolidation, renewal of irrigation channels, extension and consultancy services to farmers, and making water fees according to volume can be counted.
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    Sustainability of collective irrigation under water competition between agriculture and civil uses: The case study of Alanya Water Users Association (Türkiye)
    (Elsevier, 2024) Arslan, Firat; Alcon, Francisco; Kartal, Sinan; Erdogan, Kubilay; Zema, Demetrio Antonio
    This study explores the patterns of sustainable use and management of competing water sectors in the Alanya Water Users Association (WUA) in Southern T & uuml;rkiye, over eight years (2013-2020) before the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic, focusing on the impacts of the recorded huge growth of tourism. Performance indicators of collective irrigation services are used to identify performance patterns and trends over time. The analysis has revealed a notable increase in water consumption for agricultural activities (+30 %), driven by the cultivation of tropical fruits, without a proportional rise in crop production. Concurrently, effective financial management is observed in the WUA, with a consistent reduction in unit Management, Operation and Maintenance costs (-40-70 %). Additionally, the total water demand has surged (+100 %) due to population growth and tourist flux. However, this increase has tensioned water delivery to crops, indicating higher pressures over water availability for all uses. The study has identified three distinct patterns in the technical, financial, and socio-economic performance of the WUA, particularly highlighting the last four years of increased water usage and the disruption caused by the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic in 2020. Despite the current adequacy of water resources, optimized strategies for water management are advocated to address anticipated demographic growth, the introduction of tropical crops and the environmental impacts of climate change.