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    Evaluation of Cortical Thicknesses and Bone Density Values of Mandibular Canal Borders and Coronal Site of Alveolar Crest
    (Uab Stilus Optimus, 2023) Ataman-Duruel, Emel Tugba; Beycioglu, Zehra; Yilmaz, Dogukan; Goyushov, Samir; Cimen, Tansu; Duruel, Onurcem; Yilmaz, Hasan Guney
    Objectives: The objectives of this retrospective study are to measure the amount of the alveolar crest cortication and cortication around the mandibular canal, and to evaluate bone density values of alveolar crest, cortication around mandibular canal, and possible implant placement area for edentulous sites.Material and Methods: Six hundred forty-two cone-beam computed tomography scans from 642 subjects were evaluated in four centers. Cortical thicknesses of alveolar crest and mandibular canal cortical borders (buccal, lingual, apical, and coronal) in each mandibular posterior teeth region were measured. Bone density of alveolar crest and mandibular canal cortical borders (buccal, lingual, apical, and coronal) in each mandibular posterior teeth region were recorded. The correlations between numeric variables were investigated using Pearson's correlation test.Results: The largest cortical border of the canal was measured 1.1 (SD 0.71) mm at the left second molar area and in coronal side of the mandibular canal (MC). Left and right first premolar regions showed higher bone density values compared to the other sites in all bone density values evaluations. The buccal side of the canal at the right first premolar region showed the highest bone density values (832.32 [SD 350.01]) while the coronal side of the canal at the left second molar region showed the lowest (508.75 [SD 225.47]). The bone density of possible implant placement area at the both left (692.25 [SD 238.25]) and right (604.43 [SD 240.92]) edentulous first premolar showed the highest values. Positive correlations between the bone density values of alveolar crest and the coronal side of MC were found in molar and left second premolar regions (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Results may provide information about the amount of cortication and bone densities tooth by tooth for posterior mandible to surgeons for planning the treatment precisely.
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    Evaluation of symphysis donor site quantity by cone-beam computed tomography and its relation to anterior loop of mental foramen: an observational study
    (Bmc, 2025) Cimen, Tansu; Saka, Yunus Yigit; Ataman-Duruel, Emel Tugba; Duruel, Onurcem; Yilmaz, Hasan Guney; Tozum, Tolga Fikret
    ObjectiveFor severely atrophic alveolar ridges, block grafting procedures are usually decided to use for reliable results. Various intraoral donor sites for autogenous block graft are presented in the literature. However, vital anatomic structures can limit intraoral bone block graft surgeries, and they must be evaluated in detail. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dimensions and volume of the maximum potential symphysis block graft donor site and their relations to the anterior loop of mental foramen.Materials and methodsAccording to inclusion criteria, 408 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were evaluated. Mental foramen diameter, anterior loop length, the maximum potential symphysis graft dimensions (height, width, and length) and volume were measured.ResultsPrevalence of anterior loop of mental foramen was calculated 30.15% (123 patients) for right and 29.66% (121 patients) for left sides. The length of anterior loop of mental foramen was measured for right and left side 4.470 +/- 1.355 and 5.223 +/- 1.599, respectively. The maximum potential symphysis graft height, width, length, and volume were 13.253 +/- 3.261 mm, 12.694 +/- 1.711 mm, 34.353 +/- 2.944 mm, and 3.102 +/- 1.013 cm 3, respectively. Presenting anterior loop has no significant effect on the maximum potential symphysis graft height (P = 0.560) and width (P = 0.242). However, the maximum potential symphysis block graft length (P = 0.017) and volume (P = 0.026) were decreased by increasing number of anterior loops of mental foramen.ConclusionThe mandibular symphysis bone block graft can be reliably selected as the donor site for a number of different augmentation procedures. However, there are restrictions owing to surrounding anatomical structures such as mental foramen and anterior loop. These vital structures should be considered using accurate CBCT evaluation. Presenting anterior loop of mental foramen is limiting symphysis bone block graft length and volume.