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    Red cell distribution width and related indices in relation to target-organ damage in children with hypertension
    (Bmc, 2025) Uslu Gokceoglu, Arife; Tas, Nesrin; Boduc Bolu, Nuriye
    Background The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between target organ damage in children with primary hypertension and red cell distribution width (RDW) and related indices to elucidate their potential clinical implications. Method A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on data collected from patients with primary hypertension. Demographic variables, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, RDW, leukocyte count, platelet count and albumin results were recorded. RPR was defined as the ratio of RDW to platelet count and RAR was defined as the ratio of RDW to albumin. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on all patients to ascertain the presence of target organ damage. This evaluation included echocardiography, retinal examination, and urine analysis. Results The study included 219 hypertensive children and 57 healthy controls. The majority of patients were male (61.6%) and had elevated BMI (69.4%). Overall, 45.7% had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 5.5% had hypertensive retinopathy and 4.5% had proteinuria. The mean RDW level in patient group was higher than that of controls (13.1 +/- 0.9% and 12.8 +/- 0.7%, p < 0.05). The mean RDW level and RPR in children with LVH were higher than that of children without LVH (respectively, 13.3 +/- 1% and 13 +/- 0.7, p < 0.05 and 0.048 +/- 0.012 and 0.044 +/- 0.010, p < 0.01). An elevated white blood cell count was observed in children with a high BMI. However, the mean RDW and RAR values remained comparable. The RPR value was found to be higher in the patients with normal BMI. The male gender was identified as a significant risk factor for LVH. Conclusion Elevated RDW and RPR levels were associated with LVH in hypertensive children, suggesting their potential role as markers of target organ damage, whereas RAR showed limited utility. Male gender emerged as an independent risk factor for LVH. Obese children demonstrated higher leukocyte counts, indicating a link between obesity and systemic inflammation. However, RDW and RAR did not vary with BMI, and unexpectedly, RPR was higher in children with normal BMI. These findings suggest that hematological parameters may provide insights into both cardiovascular risk and obesity-related changes in pediatric populations.