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    DEVELOPING A SCALE TO EVALUATE TURKISH PRIMARY SCHOOL SECOND
    (2019) Erarslan, Ali; Topkaya, Ece Zehir
    In Turkey, three major English Language Teaching Program (ELTP) changes have taken place since the first ELTP introduced in 1997. Following the 2006 ELTP, a new program was launched in 2013 with the common name known as 4+4+4 education system with which English Language Teaching Program was started from the $2^{nd}$ grades in primary schools. Due to lack of a valid and reliable evaluation tool in literature, this study aims to develop and validate a scale to evaluate the $2^{nd}$ grade ELTP that is currently in use in the Turkish education system. The scale development steps of De Vellis (2003) were followed and 84 items were pooled via conducting a literature review and document analysis, surveying the opinions of 15 primary school language teachers and utilizing interviews with 5 teachers. With the participation of 118 teachers, the first version of the scale was submitted to exploratory factor analysis, which yielded a five-factor solution with 34 items. This revised version was then administered to 85 teachers to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis. In its final form, the scale consisted of 28 items with 5 factors, the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of which ranging from .86 to .93. The results indicate that the scale can be used to evaluate the $2^{nd}$ grade ELTP.
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    Öğe
    DEVELOPING A SCALE TO EVALUATE TURKISH PRIMARY SCHOOL SECOND GRADE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING PROGRAM
    (Kürşat ÖNCÜL, 2019) Erarslan, Ali; Topkaya, Ece Zehir
    In Turkey, three major English Language Teaching Program (ELTP) changes have taken place since the first ELTP introduced in 1997. Following the 2006 ELTP, a new program was launched in 2013 with the common name known as 4+4+4 education system with whichEnglish Language Teaching Program was started from the 2ndgrades in primary schools. Due to lack of a valid and reliable evaluation tool in literature, this study aims to develop and validate a scale to evaluate the 2ndgrade ELTP that is currently in use in the Turkish education system. The scale development steps of DeVellis (2003) were followed and 84 items were pooled via conducting a literature review and document analysis, surveying the opinions of 15 primary school language teachers and utilizing interviews with 5 teachers. With the participation of 118 teachers, the first version of the scale was submitted to exploratory factor analysis, which yielded a five-factor solution with 34 items. This revised version was then administered to 85 teachers to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis. In its final form, the scale consisted of 28 items with 5 factors, the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of which ranging from .86 to .93. The results indicate that the scale can be used toevaluate the 2ndgrade ELTP.
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    Öğe
    EFL Students Attitudes Towards e-Learning And Effect of An Online Course on Students Success in English
    (Leyla HARPUTLU, 2017) Erarslan, Ali; Topkaya, Ece Zehir
    In some state universities in Turkey, students are given English preparatory education for a year and in addition to formal education they receive in the classroom environment, they also have online education embedded with into their formal education as an extra opportunity provided generally by online platforms. Within e-learning, students have online practice in relation to language areas such as grammar and vocabulary together with language skills except for speaking. Although learners have online course to support their formal class performances, the effect of online course on their overall success at preparatory classes is not clear. To have an insight into the possible effects of an online course on their success in English, 47 students were given a questionnaire to understand their attitudes towards online education, and their online scores were analyzed in comparison with their midterm and quiz scores.  It was found that the students have partly positive attitudes towards online course; however, online course does not help students in terms of their overall success at preparatory class.
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    Öğe
    Geriye dönük özel amaçlı İngilizce dersi: Turizm bölümünde staj deneyimi olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarının karşılaştırmalı incelemesi
    (Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, 2021) Asmalı, Mehmet; Topkaya, Ece Zehir
    Bu çalışma, turizm bölümünde okuyan iki grup öğrencinin özel amaçlı İngilizce dersi ile ilgili ihtiyaçlarına yönelik tutumlarını ve motivasyonlarını araştırmıştır. Gruplar, genel İngilizce dersini alan birinci sınıf öğrencileri ile yaz stajlarını tamamlayıp özel amaçlı İngilizce dersine başlayan ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Derslerin eğitmeni de mevcut özel amaçlı İngilizce dersinin öğrencilerin iletişim ihtiyaçlarını ne ölçüde karşıladığını öğrenmek için çalışmanın katılımcısı olarak dahil olmuştur. Sonuçlar, her iki öğrenci grubunun da yüksek ve olumlu tutum ve motivasyonunu göstermiş, ancak aynı zamanda öğrencilerin buna hazırlıksız olduğunu ve bu konudaki belirsizliğini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Mevcut özel amaçlı İngilizce dersinde ihtiyaç duyulan iletişim becerilerinin yarısından fazlasının neredeyse tamamen içerildiği görülmüştür. Konuşma ve dinleme, en çok ihtiyaç duyulan beceriler olarak bulunmuştur. Staj süresinin öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarını farklılaştıran önemli bir faktör olduğu görülmüştür. Genel İngilizce ve özel amaçlı İngilizce dersleri için bazı çıkarımlar yapılmıştır.
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    Öğe
    Primary school second grade english language teaching program: insiders’ views on its strengths and weaknesses
    (2019) Erarslan, Ali; Topkaya, Ece Zehir
    The advents in technology, science and globalization have increased the need to communicate in a foreign language. In order to keep abreast of these demands of the global world and the local needs of individuals, curricula and teaching programs change constantly in formal education settings. In Turkey, English language teaching programs went through three major changes taking place in 1997, 2006 and 2013, the last of which was a major change known as 4+4+4 education system. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the 2013 2nd grade English Language Teaching Program (ELTP) from teachers' perspectives with a focus on its general characteristics, aims, outcomes, and content. To address this research objective, the data were collected qualitatively by employing in-depth interviews with 14 teachers who were implementing the 2nd grade ELTP in state primary schools in the city center of Denizli province. Inductive content analysis revealed that teachers mostly have positive opinions regarding the different components of the ELTP. The motivational quality of it, its emphasis on communicative competence with practical language use are considered as the best aspects of it while some concerns regarding the number of the outcomes, limited practice opportunities stemming from insufficient class hours, and the order of the content are reported.