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    Oronasal Face Masks Designs and Clinical Implications
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Çelik, Deniz; Sahin Duyar, Sezgi
    Oronasal masks (or full-face masks) have some advantages over the other types of interfaces, owing to their simple feature of covering both the nose and the mouth. Despite high patient comfort, the nasal mask has a high risk of leakage from the mouth. The mouth respiration may reduce the efficacy of ventilation with a nasal mask and may falsify the monitoring of tidal volume. Therefore, nasal interfaces may cause failure during noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure (ARF). On the other hand, the oronasal interface allows pressured air to bypass the nasal resistance and provides higher ventilation pressures with a lower leakage than the nasal mask. Besides, the oronasal interface requires less patient cooperation in case of mouth opening, coughing, or talking. Although it is recommended as the first choice interface for ARF, the oronasal mask is less comfortable than the other interfaces due to the limited communication and nutrition. The oronasal masks can lead to pressure necrosis of the skin over the nasal bridge. Interventions can reduce skin lesions and increase compliance. Appropriate attachment of the mask, suitable NIV usage time with adequate timeouts, and protecting the bridge of the nose with bandaging (foam or hydrocolloids) may increase patient comfort, NIV compliance, and reduce pressure sores and nasal bridge lesions. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.