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Öğe Paracetamol alters empathy scores in healthy and headache subjects: Functional MRI correlates(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Çankaya, Şeyda; Öktem, Ece Özdemir; Saatçi, Özlem; Vehoğlu, Halil Aziz; Uygur, Abdullah Burak; Özşimşeka, Ahmet; Yuluğ, BurakIntroduction: Although previous evidence suggest that paracetamol decreases psychological reactivity in healthy subjects, there is still no confirmed correlation between the empathy scores and brain activity in healthy and headache patients after paracetamol treatment. Material and methods: The study group included 16 patients with tension-type headache, and 12 healthy age-and sex-matched controls. After a detailed neurological examination Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Empathy for Pain Scale (EPS) were applied to all subjects. Next, 1000 mg paracetamol tablet was administered orally, after administration of paracetamol, EPS were repeated, and fMRI was performed to all subjects. Results: We have revealed increased empathy scores in the headache group after the paracetamol treatment which were associated with significant alterations in brain regions which play a critical role in the processing of empathy. Discussion: The observed neuroimaging and clinical difference between healthy and headache subjects could be related to the fact that pain perception in healthy subjects might differ in some aspects from the mechanisms of empathy in headache-experienced patients. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluated the paracetamol treatment and neural networks' correlation with pain empathy in healthy and headache individuals. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The association between Hba1c levels, olfactory memory and cognition in normal, pre-diabetic and diabetic persons(Bentham Science Publishers, 2020) Yuluğ, Burak; Saatçi, Özlem; Işıklar, Aysun; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Kılıç, Ulkan; Ozansoy, Mehmet; Kılıç, ErtuğrulBackground and Aim: Recent data have shown that olfactory dysfunction is strongly related to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) that is often preceded by olfactory deficits suggesting that olfactory dysfunction might represent an early indicator of future cognitive in prediabetes. Methods: We have applied to a group of normal (n=15), prediabetic (n=16) and type 2 diabetic outpatients (n=15) olfactory testing, 1.5-T MRI scanner and detailed cognitive evaluation including the standard Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) form, Short Blessed Test (SBT), Letter Fluency Test (LFT) and the category fluency test with animal, Fruit and Vegetable Naming (CFT). Results: We have shown that Odour Threshold (OT), Discrimination (OD), and Identification (OI) scores and most cognitive test results were significantly different in the prediabetes and diabetes group compared to those in the control group. OD and OT were significantly different between the prediabetes and diabetes group, although the cognitive test results were only significantly different in the prediabetes and diabetes group compared to those in the control group. In evaluating the association between OI, OT, OD scores and specific cognitive tests, we have found, that impaired olfactory identification was the only parameter that correlated significantly with the SBT both in the pre-diabetes and diabetes group. Although spot glucose values were only correlated with OT, HbA1c levels were correlated with OT, OD, and OI, as well as results of the letter fluency test suggesting that HbA1c levels rather than the spot glucose values play a critical role in specific cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first prospective study to demonstrate a strong association between olfactory dysfunction and specific memory impairment in a population with prediabetes and diabetes suggesting that impaired olfactory identification might play an important role as a specific predictor of memory decline. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.Öğe The therapeutic effect of deep brain stimulation on olfactory functions and clinical scores in Parkinson's disease(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Saatçi, Özlem; Yılmaz, Nesrin Helvacı; Zırh, Ali; Yuluğ, BurakDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is still a highly effective treatment option that significantly improves motor function in advanced PD. Moreover, previous findings have shown that Olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been found in a majority of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Despite this, the effect of DBS on the olfactory function is not fully understood. Here we aimed to determine the effect of STN DBS on OD by evaluating the olfactory functions in the preoperative and postoperative early stages (1st and 3rd months) in forty-five PD patients and 40 healthy controls. The therapeutic effect of DBS on the improvement of motor functions was parallelly investigated. We have observed that there was a significant improvement in OI in the 1st month and in all olfactory parameters (OT, ODI, OI, and TDI) in the 3rd month. In evaluating the motor functional scores, we have revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference between preoperative UPDRS-motor score (23 +/- 7.3) and the postoperative 3rd month score (11.1 +/- 5.1). Although Beck Depression and Anxiety scores were improved to a certain level in the 3rd month, this improvement was not at a statistically significant level (p > 0.05). As a conclusion, we have shown that STN-DBS improves the smell functions in PD within three months suggesting that the therapeutic effects of DBS might have a wide range of therapeutic spectrum. Despite some limitations (i.e., short follow-up period) our study gives a critical message that future studies are needed to evaluate the functional correlates of STN-DBS treatment in PD patients. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Topological network mechanisms of clinical response to antidepressant treatment in drug-naive major depressive disorder(Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Uykur, Abdullah Burak; Yıldız, Sultan; Velioğlu, Halil Aziz; Özşimşek, Ahmet; Öktem, Ece Özdemir; Bayraktaroğlu, Zübeyir; Ergün, Tarkan; Lakadamyalı, Hatice; Hanoğlu, Lütfi; Hanoğlu, Lütfi; Çankaya, Şeyda; Saatçi, Özlem; Yuluğ, BurakAim: There is rapidly increasing evidence that remission of MDD is associated with substantial changes in functional brain connectivity. These New data have provided a holistic view on the mechanism of antidepressants on multiple levels that goes beyond their conventional effects on neurotransmitters. Method: The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Istanbul Medipol University (10840098-604.01.01-E.65129) and followed the Helsinki Declaration principles. In our study, we have evaluated the effect of six weeks of treatment with antidepressants (escitalopram and duloxetine), and tested the underlying brain functional connectivity through a Graph analysis approach in a well-defined first-episode, drug-naive, and non-comorbid population with MDD. Results: Beyond indicating that there was a significant correlation between the antidepressant response and topological characteristics of the brain, our results suggested that global rather than regional network alterations may be implicated in the antidepressant effect. Conclusion: Despite the small-sample size and non-controlled study design, our study provides important and relevant clinical data regarding the underlying mechanisms of the antidepressants on topological dynamics in the human brain. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
