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    The Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Fossil Energy Consumption: Bootstrap Panel Causality Analysis in BRICS-T Countries
    (Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 2023) Pilatin, Abdulmuttalip
    The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between direct investment and fossil energy consumption in BRICS-T countries. In this study, which deals with the developing BRICS countries and Turkey, data from the World Bank, British Petrolium and World Development Indicators databases for the years 1992-2018 were used. Data were tested with Bootstrap Panel Causality analysis. It is understood that foreign direct investments in Russia and India cause an increase in the use of fossil energy. Increasing fossil energy consumption in China and South Africa causes more foreign direct investment to come to the countries. No causality relationship was found between foreign direct investment and fossil energy consumption in Brazil and Turkey. Carbon taxation and regulation are critical to reduce fossil energy use in BRICS-T countries. It is important for countries to develop policies considering this situation in terms of reducing environmental risks.