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Öğe Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment in a Mediterranean Coast District of Turkey(Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, 2023) Altındal, Emin Utku; Kurt, AliWe aimed to evaluate the causes of visual impairment and blindness in adults who applied to Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Education and Research Hospital health board of disability. The records of 8924 patients were reviewed retrospectively and 887 adult patients were enrolled as two age-groups: 18-50 and ? 51 years. Using the United States criteria, three vision-based groups were formed; “blindness”, “low vision” and “unilateral visual impairment”. Cataract (36.9%/55.9%), age-related macular degeneration (16.2%/19.4%) and diabetic retinopathy (15.8%/10.1%) were the leading causes of blindness/low vision. Retinal dystrophies (28.1%) and amblyopia (37%) were the main causes of blindness and low vision in the 18-50 age group, respectively. In the ? 51 age group, cataract was both the most common cause of blindness (42.6%) and low vision (62.3%). While amblyopia (22.2%) was the leading cause of unilateral visual impairment in the 18-50 age group, it was cataract (44.9%) in the ? 51 age group. The proportion of avoidable causes of blindness was 62.2% and 36.9% of them was treatable. Avoidable causes of low vision was 69.6%, of which 55.9% was treatable. Early interventions for preventive and educative health policies should be developed at younger ages for aiming to guide the lifestyle trends of individuals in order to reduce the avoidable causes of vision loss and maintain a visual disability-free lifetime. © 2023, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.Öğe Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment in a Mediterranean Coast District of Turkey(2023) Utku, Emın; Kurt, AliWe aimed to evaluate the causes of visual impairment and blindness in adults who applied to Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Education and Research Hospital health board of disability. The records of 8924 patients were reviewed retrospectively and 887 adult patients were enrolled as two age -groups: 18-50 and ? 51 years. Using the United States criteria, three vision -based groups were formed; “blindness”, “low vision” and “unilateral visual impairment”. Cataract (36.9%/55.9%), age-related macular degeneration (16.2%/19.4%) and diabetic retinopathy (15.8%/10.1%) were the leading causes of blindness/low vision. Retinal dystrophies (28.1%) and amblyopia (37%) were the main causes of blindness and low vision in the 18-50 age group, respectively. In the ? 51 age group, cataract was both the most common cause of blindness (42.6%) and low vision (62.3%). While amblyopia (22.2%) was the leading cause of unilateral visual impairment in the 18-50 age group, it was cataract (44.9%) in the ? 51 age group. The proportion of avoidable causes of blindness was 62.2% and 36.9% of them was treatable. Avoidable causes of low vision was 69.6%, of which 55.9% was treatable. Early interventions for preventive and educative health policies should be developed at younger ages for aiming to guide the lifestyle trends of individuals in order to reduce the avoidable causes of vision loss and maintain a visual disability -free lifetime.Öğe Choroidal thickness changes in healthcare professionals wearing surgical masks or FFP2 masks: Pilot study(2022) Kurt, Ali; Altındal, Emin UtkuPurpose: To evaluate the choroidal thickness (CT) with enhanced depth-imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in healthcare professionals using surgical masks or FFP2 (N95) masks. Methods: We included the 120 eyes of 120 healthy volunteers who were using a surgical mask (Group 1) or FFP2 mask (Group 2) in the study. Spectral domain (SD) OCT was used to measure CT. EDI-OCT was used to measure subfoveal and perifoveal CT. Points 1500 ?m nasal (CN1500) and temporal (CT1500) to the foveal center were used to measure perifoveal CT. Oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured with a pulse oximeter. All measurements were performed at 8:30, before wearing the mask, and at 12:30, when the mask was removed for the lunch break. Results: Of a total of 120 subjects, Group 1 consisted of 60 subjects (mean age 38.50±8.60 (range 24–44) years) and Group 2 also consisted of 60 subjects (mean age 36.60±6.53 (range 26–45) years). Although not statistically significant, CT was seen to have increased at 3 measurement points in Group 1 after using the mask for 4 h: subfoveal CT (CSF) (p = 0.545), CT1500 (p = 0.080), and CN1500 (p = 0.251)). In Group 2, the increase in CSF (p = 0.001) was statistically significant while the increases in CN1500 and CT1500 were not (p = 0.162 and p = 0.058, respectively) after using the mask for 4 h. Conclusion: We found CT to increase after 4 h of mask use, and this increase was more marked in Group 2. The increase in subfoveal CT in particular was statistically significant in Group 2.Öğe The relationship between pain intensity and anxiety, injection speed, and intraocular pressure changes during intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection: the observational pilot study(Bmc, 2025) Kurt, Ali; Altindal, Emin UtkuPurpose To evaluate the relationship between the pain severity and the injection speed, anxiety, and intraocular pressure changes during the intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents. Methods The 84 eyes were prospectively registered in the study. The severity of the pain was evaluated with the visual analogue scale (VAS). The severity of the anxiety was measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory. All patients were naive to IVI. Bevacizumab or Ranibizumab 0.05 mL was administered intravitreally. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured before and after the procedure. Results Correlation analyses were performed between VAS and the injection speed, the IOP difference, and anxiety. There was a negative significant correlation between injection speed and VAS (p = 0.024 r=-246). There was a positive significant correlation between the IOP difference and VAS (p = 0.001, r = 0.365). In addition, there was strong positive correlation between the anxiety level and VAS (p<0.001 r = 0.77). Linear stepwise regression analysis was used to determine which of these three independent variables (VAS, IOP difference, Anxiety) influenced pain the most, and Anxiety and IOP difference were found to affect the dependent variable of VAS more. There was no significant difference between the IOP difference (p > 0.05) and anxiety scale values (p > 0.05) between the two anti-VEGF agents while there was statistically significantly more pain felt during the Bevacizumab IVI (p = 0.005). Conclusions The parameter with the most influence on pain severity was anxiety in this study, followed by the postop-preop IOP difference. There was also a significant negative correlation between injection speed and VAS.
