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    Fabrication and properties of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) for direct methanol fuel cell application
    (Elsevier, 2021) Aydın Ünal, Fatma; Erduran, Vildan; Timuralp, C.; Sen, Fatih Gürça?
    Because of its simple handling and low temperature sensitivity, the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) system is very important to the development of energy converters. Also, the factors that inhibit the commercialization of DMFCs have a number of negative effects, such as the sensitivity of the polymer to the osmotic swelling of the electrolyte membrane, the passing of methanol through the membrane, the high cost, and the limited working temperature. The prepared product is based on the production and properties of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) used in DMFC applications. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite membranes for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) methanol fuel cells
    (Elsevier, 2021) Aydın Ünal, Fatma; Erduran, Vildan; Bayat, Ramazan; Özdemir, Sadin; Sen, Fatih Gürça?
    In recent years, high-temperature, methanol-based fuel cells have aroused interest due to the finite sources of fossil fuels and adverse environmental conditions. The proton exchange membrane (PEM), the protonic conductive polymer, is the most important part of the fuel cell. Due to the disadvantages of currently used membranes, such as high cost and low conductivity at high temperatures (> 80°C), new polymer-supported materials are required. PEM studies are based on the development of a new generation of polymer electrolytes on hydrocarbon polymers. In this chapter, information is given about the synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite membranes for high-temperature, PEM methanol fuel cells. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.