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    Effects of Anatolian Propolis and Hypertonic Saline Combination Nasal Spray on Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms: A Prospective, Multicenter Study
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2024) Cingi, Cemal; Muluk, Nuray Bayar; Cukurova, Ibrahim; Dundar, Riza; Osma, Ustun; Bal, Cengiz; Zirek, Alaattin
    Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate how Rhinapi nasal spray affects symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, observational study, 10,000 patients (comprising 5028 males and 4972 females) exhibiting symptoms of allergic rhinitis (namely, nasal discharge, sneezing, nasal itching, and nasal obstruction) from different centers in different regions of Turkey were enrolled in the study between March 2022 and March 2023. All the patients wanted to participate in the study and were administered Rhinapi one puff to each nostril three times a day, for a period of 3 weeks. Total symptom scores, quality of life (QoL) scores, and otolaryngological examination scores were evaluated before and 3 weeks after treatment. Results: The scores for discharge from the nose, sneezing, nasal pruritus, and blockage of the nose all indicated improvement when compared to pre-medication and post-medication. This difference achieved statistical significance (P < .001). The mean total symptom score fell following treatment (P < .001): whilst the score was 11.09 +/- 3.41 before administering Rhinapi; after administration, the average score was 6.23 +/- 2.41. The mean QoL scores also altered after medication (P < .001), improving from a mean value of 6.44 +/- 1.55 to a mean of 7.31 +/- 1.24. Significant improvement was also noted in the scores for conchal color and degree of edema after the treatment had been administered (P < .001). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that Rhinapi nasal spray decreases total symptom scores, and results in improved QoL and otolaryngological examination scores. Propolis spray may be recommended for patients with allergic rhinitis alongside other treatments.
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    Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Key Points for Safer Surgery
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2024) Kar, Murat; Muluk, Nuray Bayar; Alqunaee, Marwan; Manole, Felicia; Cingi, Cemal
    Objectives: To review measures for safer functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methods: PubMed, EBSCO, UpToDate, Proquest Central at K & imath;r & imath;kkale University, Google, and Google Scholar were used in the literature review. The search was performed using keywords of functional endoscopic sinus surgery, FESS, Safety, Image-Guided, and complications between 2000 and 2024. Results: Inflammatory and infectious sinus illnesses are the most prevalent indications for FESS. The 4 most common methods for FESS are endoscopic uncinectomy, maxillary antral ostomy/ethmoidectomy, anterior ethmoidectomy, and posterior ethmoidectomy. FESS has a complication rate of 0% to 1.5% for significant problems and 1.12% to 20.8% for minor issues. Sinus surgery outcomes can be improved and problems avoided with careful preoperative preparation. Powered instrumentation may enhance the severity of the problems rather than the number of occurrences. Intraoperative detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage necessitates immediate localization and fixing of the leaking structure. The danger of infection increases and hospital stays are longer when investigation is delayed. In image-guided surgery, surgeons employ preoperative imaging data to pinpoint the exact position of a surgical tool concerning surrounding anatomical structures in real time. Although initially designed for use in neurosurgery, endoscopic sinus surgery has quickly become one of the most popular applications of this technique. Conclusion: Safer FESS can be accomplished with accurate CT scans, good patient preparation, surgical knowledge and training, and by using image guidance for endoscopic sinus surgery.
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    Olfactory Function in Greenhouse Workers With Allergic Rhinitis Assessed by Sniffin' Sticks Testing
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2025) Altintaş, Mustafa; Kar, Murat; Bayar Muluk, Nuray; Cingi, Cemal
    Objectives: The authors assessed olfactory perceptual ability in greenhouse workers with allergic rhinitis (AR) using the Sniffin’ Sticks test battery. Methods: The study group (group 1) was formed from 51 greenhouse workers with allergic rhinitis (AR) (group 1) in the Antalya Province of Turkey. The control group (group 2) was formed from 49 healthy volunteers. The olfactory perception was assessed for each subject enrolled in the trial utilizing the Sniffin’ Sticks’ odorous felt-tipped pens. Results: There were significant differences between the scores obtained for pen 6 and pen 12, which the study group could not correctly identify (P < 0.05). Overall, the score for the groups was also significantly different, with the study group (group 1) having a lower olfactory perceptual ability (9.39 ± 2.87) than the control group (10.4 ± 2.19) (P < 0.05). Within the study group (group 1), men and women did not differ in total scores (P = 0.791). The authors noted that 19.6% of the study group was anosmic, compared with 10.2% in the controls. 27.5% of the study group were hyposmic, and 52.9% were normosmic. In the control group, 22.4% were hyposmic, and 67.3% were normosmic (P = 0.274, ?2 = 2.588). Conclusion: In our study, a decrease in total odor score was detected in greenhouse workers with allergic rhinitis, and this decrease did not correlate with working duration. Gases and pesticides encountered in greenhouse areas may also affect this olfactory decrease. Smoking also affected the total odor scores as they decreased. The use of protective masks and clothes may play a preventive role. © © 2025 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.
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    Olfactory function in patients undergoing hemodialysis as assessed by Sniffin’ Sticks testing
    (Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2023) Kar, Murat; Altintaş, Mustafa; Bayar Muluk, Nuray; Cingi, Cemal
    OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated olfactory function in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The evaluation utilized the Sniffin’ Sticks test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 56 individuals undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure alongside 54 healthy controls. The Sniffin’ Sticks battery was used to assess olfactory function in all subjects. The battery included 12 separately identifiable odors. A score below 6 was considered anosmia, whilst scores ranging from 7 to 10 were classed as hyposmia. A score of at least 11 indicated normal olfaction. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in scores between the two groups. The hemodialysis patients scored 9.12±2.77 compared to 10.72±1.94 in the controls. In the hemodialysis patients, scores for males and females did not differ significantly. Furthermore, there was no correlation between score and age, sex or length of renal failure. Some 12.5% of hemodialysis patients were anosmic, whilst 50% were hyposmic. The corresponding rates in the control group were 7.4% and 20.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Undergoing hemodialysis is associated with a decreased total score on the Sniffin’ Sticks battery, with anosmia in 12.5% of patients and hyposmia in 50.0%. Thus, olfactory impairment is present in 62.5% of hemodialysis patients. According to previous research, renal transplantation results in an improved ability to smell, depending on how plastic the neurons involved in olfaction are. © 2023 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.
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    Programming the auricle
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023) Sevil, Ergün; Cingi, Cemal; Milkov, Mario
    The incidence rate of ear abnormalities in neonates is between 15 and 50%. [1]. Mental anguish might result from an odd auricular appearance [2]. Evidence suggests that children born with ear abnormalities are more likely to struggle with anxiety, low self-esteem, and relationship issues [3]. As a result, correcting ear abnormalities is crucial for the emotional well-being of kids [3, 4]. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.
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    Tinnitus: Overview
    (Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Celik, Elif Kaya; Sevil, Ergün; Cingi, Cemal
    One symptom of tinnitus is a persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears or head. A ringing sound, the Latin word “tinnire” is the origin of the English word tinnitus. It is common for people to hear the sound even when there are no other sounds around, and this impression is independent of any outside force. Objective tinnitus is a sound that others can hear, but subjective tinnitus only the patient hears. The sound of a gunshot or a loud concert, especially one with current sound equipment, can leave many people with ringing in the ears. Although this form of tinnitus is bothersome, it typically disappears after a few hours. Because it is a symptom and not an illness, tinnitus indicates something is wrong. While sensorineural hearing loss is the most common cause of tinnitus, other forms, such as pulsatile, vertigo-accompanied, fluctuating, or unilateral tinnitus, need further investigation. © 2025 Springer Nature Switzerland AG.