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Öğe Athletic performance and mindfulness in track and field athletes(Springer, 2020) Bulgay, Celal; Tingaz, Emre Ozan; Bayraktar, Işık; Çetin, EbruIn the present study, the mindfulness levels of track and field (athletics) athletes were evaluated based on variables such as branch of sports (sprints, middle-distance, jumps and throws), gender, age, national athlete status, personel best record and athletic experience. 213 certified athletes (67 female-22.6% and 146 male-49.3%) competing at the national and international level in the branches of sprints, middle-distance, jumps and throws as part of different clubs affiliated to the Turkish Athletic Federation in the year 2020 and performing regular training at least 6 days a week voluntarily participated in the study. In the present cross-sectional study, the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS) developed by Thienot et al. (2014) and adapted to Turkish by Tingaz (2020c) was used. Data collection was carried out online through Google Forms. The independent t-test and the one-way analysis of variance were used in the evaluation of data. Based on the findings of the present study, it was determined that the athletes with high performance had higher mindfulness levels. Additionally, it was found that the national athletes and the athletes with high training experience had higher mindfulness levels in different sub-dimensions and in terms of the gender variable, the mindfulness levels of the female participants were higher. It is also notable that the athletes who perform mental training had higher mindfulness levels compared to those who do not. In the evaluation based on branches, it was observed that the sprinters were more competent in the refocusing sub-dimension compared to the athletes in all other branches. The findings obtained in the present study indicated that mindfulness can be affected by different variables. However, considering that the most important goal for athletes is to improve their performance, it is important for them to be aware of the positive effects of mindfulness. Based on this, it can be suggested for athletes to include mindfulness exercises in their training program and develop this approach as much as possible in order to support their athletic performance.Öğe Evaluation of the Association of VDR rs2228570 Polymorphism with Elite Track and Field Athletes’ Competitive Performance(2023) Bulgay, Celal; Bayraktar, Işık; Kazan, Hasan Hüseyin; Yıldırım, Damla Selin; Zorba, Erdal; Akman, Onur; Ergun, Mehmet Ali; Cerit, Mesut; Ulucan, Korkut; Eken, Özgür; Ceylan, Halil İbrahim; Badicu, GeorgianThe present study aimed to examine the vitamin D receptor (VDR), rs2228570 polymorphism, and its effect on elite athletes’ performance. A total of 60 elite athletes (31 sprint/power and 29 endurance) and 20 control/ physically inactive, aged 18–35, voluntarily participated in the study. The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) score scale was used to determine the performance levels of the athletes’ personal best (PB). Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed by the genomic DNA isolated from the peripheral blood of the participants. Sports type, sex, and competitive performance were chosen as the parameters to compare within and between the groups by linear regression models. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the CC, TC, and TT genotypes within and between the groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, our results underlined that there were no statistically significant differences for the association of rs2228570 polymorphism with PBs within the groups of the (p > 0.05) athletes. The genetic profile in the selected gene was similar in elite endurance, sprint athletes, and in controls, suggesting that rs2228570 polymorphism does not determine competitive performance in the analyzed athlete cohort. © 2023 by the authors.Öğe Examination of the anxiety of catching the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in elite athletes and sedentaries(2021) Demir, Gönül Tekkurşun; Bulgay, Celal; Çakır, Veli Ozan; Bayraktar, Işık; Çetin, EbruThe present study aims to examine the anxiety to catch COVID-19 from the viewpoint of elite athletes and sedentaries based on different variables. The Individual Anxiety sub-dimension of the Athlete's Anxiety to Catch the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Scale was applied. According to the study results, athletes had lower levels of anxiety to catch COVID-19 compared to sedentaries. It was concluded that female participants had higher levels of anxiety compared to male participants. It was also determined that female elite athletes also had higher levels of anxiety compared to male elite athletes. When the anxiety to catch COVID-19 was examined by age group, it was observed that elite athletes under the age of 19 had significantly lower levels of individual anxiety compared to other age groups. Additionally, it was found that male elite athletes had lower levels of anxiety compared to male sedentaries.Öğe Exome-Wide Association Study of Competitive Performance in Elite Athletes(2023) Bulgay, Celal; Kasakolu, Anıl; Kazan, Hasan Hüseyin; Mijaica, Raluca; Zorba, Erdal; Akman, Onur; Bayraktar, Işık; Koncagül, Seyrani; Ulucan, Korkut; Semenova, Ekaterina; LArin, Andrey K.The aim of the study was to identify genetic variants associated with personal best scores in Turkish track and field athletes and to compare allelic frequencies between sprint/power and endurance athletes and controls using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach, followed by replication studies in independent cohorts. The discovery phase involved 60 elite Turkish athletes (31 sprint/power and 29 endurance) and 20 ethnically matched controls. The replication phase involved 1132 individuals (115 elite Russian sprinters, 373 elite Russian endurance athletes (of which 75 athletes were with VO2max measurements), 209 controls, 148 Russian and 287 Finnish individuals with muscle fiber composition and cross-sectional area (CSA) data). None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reached an exome-wide significance level (p < 2.3 × 10?7) in genotype–phenotype and case–control studies of Turkish athletes. However, of the 53 nominally (p < 0.05) associated SNPs, four functional variants were replicated. The SIRT1 rs41299232 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.047) and Russian (p = 0.018) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.037) and a greater proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.035). The NUP210 rs2280084 A allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.044) and Russian (p = 0.012) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes. The TRPM2 rs1785440 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes (p = 0.034) and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.008). The AGRN rs4074992 C allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish sprint/power athletes compared to endurance athletes (p = 0.037) and was associated with a greater CSA of fast-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.024). In conclusion, we present the first WES study of athletes showing that this approach can be used to identify novel genetic markers associated with exercise- and sport-related phenotypes. © 2023 by the authors.Öğe The examination of the relationship between exercise addiction and performance enhancement in elite athletes(Springer, 2020) Çetin, Ebru; Bulgay, Celal; Demir, Gönül Tekkurşun; Cicioğlu, Halil İbrahim; Bayraktar, Işık; Orhan, ÖzlemThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between exercise addiction level and performance enhancement in elite athletes. Seventy-four athletes participated in the study. The participants were asked to present their best official competition ranks in order for the years 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. "Exercise Addiction Scale" was used for data collection. t test, ANOVA and post hoc statistics were used to analyse the research data. The study found that the mean exercise addiction score of the participants was (55.67 +/- 20.83). Although addiction levels of the athletes with the lowest performance enhancement were significantly higher compared to other participants, no significant difference was found between gender and exercise addiction (p > 0.05). Consequently, in the study, it was related that the athletes with high levels of exercise addiction displayed poor performance in all branches of track and field. Addiction may stand out among the factors that have a negative impact on athlete performance.