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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Differentiation of claustrum resting-state functional connectivity in healthy aging, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease
    (2023) Ayyıldız, Sevilay; Velioğlu, Halil Aziz; Ayyıldız, Behçet; Sütçübaşı, Bernis; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Bayraktaroğlu, Zübeyir; Yıldırım, Süleyman; Atasever, Alper; Yuluğ, Burak
    The claustrum is a sheet-like of telencephalic gray matter structure whose function is poorly understood. The claustrum is considered a multimodal computing network due to its reciprocal connections with almost all cortical areas as well as subcortical structures. Although the claustrum has been involved in several neurodegenerative diseases, specific changes in connections of the claustrum remain unclear in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Resting-state fMRI and T1-weighted structural 3D images from healthy elderly (n = 15), AD (n = 16), and PD (n = 12) subjects were analyzed. Seed-based FC analysis was performed using CONN FC toolbox and T1-weighted images were analyzed with the Computational Anatomy Toolbox for voxel-based morphometry analysis. While we observed a decreased FC between the left claustrum and sensorimotor cortex, auditory association cortex, and cortical regions associated with social cognition in PD compared with the healthy control group (HC), no significant difference was found in alterations in the FC of both claustrum comparing the HC and AD groups. In the AD group, high FC of claustrum with regions of sensorimotor cortex and cortical regions related to cognitive control, including cingulate gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and insular cortex were demonstrated. In addition, the structural results show significantly decreased volume in bilateral claustrum in AD and PD compared with HC. There were no significant differences in the claustrum volumes between PD and AD groups so the FC may offer more precise findings in distinguishing changes for claustrum in AD and PD. © 2022 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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    Öğe
    The effect of rifampicin on the neuronal cell survival in primary cortical neuron culture after laser axotomy
    (Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi, 2019) Ozansoy, Mehmet; Coşkun, Ebru; Ozansoy, Muzaffer Beyza; Çankaya, Şeyda; Günal, Mehmet Yalçın; Bayraktaroğlu, Zübeyir; Hanoğlu, Lütfü
    Aim: Neurodegeneration caused by the axonal injury is a widely seen phenomenon in spinal cord and traumatic brain injuries. Due to the disintegration of the synaptic connection neurotrophic factors could not be transported retrogradely towards the cell body and the deprivation of the trophic factors lead to the degeneration and death of the injured neuron. Rifampicin is an antibiotic exhibiting several neuroprotective functions in various neurodegenerative conditions. Here we aim to investigate the acute neuroprotective effect of rifampicin in primary cortical neuron culture in which neurons are axotomized by laser axotomy. Methods: Neonatal male mice were used in order to isolate cortical neurons. Isolated primary cortical neurons were cultured. After 24 hours three different rifampicin concentrations (1 µM, 10 µM and 100 µM) were applied to the neurons and after 15 minutes of rifampicin addition, neurons were laser axotomized. Viability of the cells was evaluated by propidium iodide staining after 24 hours of axotomy. Results: Laser axotomy decreases the cortical neuron viability significantly by 80.45%, while rifampicin pre-treatment increases their viability in all three dosages in a statistically significant manner. Conclusion: Rifampicin has an acute neuroprotective effect on the viability of the laser axotomized cortical neurons.
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    Öğe
    Topological network mechanisms of clinical response to antidepressant treatment in drug-naive major depressive disorder
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2021) Uykur, Abdullah Burak; Yıldız, Sultan; Velioğlu, Halil Aziz; Özşimşek, Ahmet; Öktem, Ece Özdemir; Bayraktaroğlu, Zübeyir; Ergün, Tarkan; Lakadamyalı, Hatice; Hanoğlu, Lütfi; Hanoğlu, Lütfi; Çankaya, Şeyda; Saatçi, Özlem; Yuluğ, Burak
    Aim: There is rapidly increasing evidence that remission of MDD is associated with substantial changes in functional brain connectivity. These New data have provided a holistic view on the mechanism of antidepressants on multiple levels that goes beyond their conventional effects on neurotransmitters. Method: The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Istanbul Medipol University (10840098-604.01.01-E.65129) and followed the Helsinki Declaration principles. In our study, we have evaluated the effect of six weeks of treatment with antidepressants (escitalopram and duloxetine), and tested the underlying brain functional connectivity through a Graph analysis approach in a well-defined first-episode, drug-naive, and non-comorbid population with MDD. Results: Beyond indicating that there was a significant correlation between the antidepressant response and topological characteristics of the brain, our results suggested that global rather than regional network alterations may be implicated in the antidepressant effect. Conclusion: Despite the small-sample size and non-controlled study design, our study provides important and relevant clinical data regarding the underlying mechanisms of the antidepressants on topological dynamics in the human brain. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd