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    Effects of plyometric and agility-based training on physical performance in adolescent male volleyball players: a controlled experimental study
    (Iermakov S S, 2025) Atici, Mujde; Bayrakdar, Akan
    Background and Study Aim Material and Methods Plyometric and agility training are widely used among adolescent male volleyball players to support neuromuscular development. These types of training can have different effects on the fundamental components of physical performance in youngvolleyball players. This study aims to investigate the effects of plyometric and agility training on sprint performance, vertical jump, anaerobic power, and agility in adolescent male volleyball players over an 8-week program. Thirty adolescent male volleyball players participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: plyometric training (PT), agility training (AT), or control (CON), with 10 participants in each group. The PT and AT groups performed their respective training programs twice per week for 8 weeks. The control group continued with regular volleyball training only. Performance tests were conducted before and after the intervention. These included a 10-meter sprint, vertical jump, agility (Arrowhead test), and anaerobic power (peak power calculated using the Sayers formula). The data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results The PT group showed significant improvements in vertical jump (+14.1%), peak power (+13.25%), and sprint performance (+3.07%). The AT group recorded significant improvements in agility (+2.05%) and sprint (+1.77%). Significant changes in the control group were limited. Both types of training led to improvements in different performance components. The PT group was more effective in enhancing explosive power and speed, while the AT group improved agility. Conclusions Plyometric and agility training play complementary roles in improving physical performance in adolescent volleyball players. PT programs develop explosive strength and sprint capacity. AT programs are more effective for improving agility and change-of-direction skills. Coaches can combine these two approaches based on the athletes' needs to achieve comprehensive performance enhancement.
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    The role of different rest periods on post-activation performance enhancement in plyometric preload
    (Bmc, 2025) Sener, Ruzgar; Bayrakdar, Akan; Atici, Mujde; Akgun, Soner; Ocal, Zeynep Senem Soyleyici; Karayigit, Raci; Yilmaz, Ali Kerim
    Background The optimal combination of factors such as rest duration, type of activity, and individual variability for maximizing post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) following plyometric conditioning activity (plyometric CA) remains a subject of debate. To investigate the effects of different rest periods (4, 8, and 12 min) on performance following plyometric CA, this randomized controlled study was conducted. Methods Twenty physically active men were included in this study (mean +/- SD: age 20.74 +/- 1.94 years, with a range of 18-24 years, body weight 70.61 +/- 3.01 kg, and height 176 +/- 1.8 cm). Participants familiarized themselves with the plyometric CA protocol through a preliminary session involving three sets of ten tuck jumps to ensure proper technique. A familiarization test was performed on the first day. They performed in a vertical jump test with different rest periods (4, 8, 12 min) between tests, set at 48-hour intervals and the randomized design was compared to the control group. The data obtained were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests in SPSS 25 and Microsoft Office Excel. Results Although no statistically significant differences were observed between conditions (p > 0.05), a consistent increasing trend in performance indicators was noted following 4-, 8-, and 12-minute rest intervals. Compared to the control condition, jump height increased by 2.81%, 2.95%, and 3.01%; peak power output (PPO) increased by 1.84%, 1.94%, and 2.59%; and PPO relative to total body mass increased by 2.04%, 2.06%, and 2.15%, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, the findings highlight the complexity of rest interval effects on PAPE and suggest the necessity of individualized rest strategies to optimize athletic performance.