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    Effects of Square-Stepping Exercise Training on the Attention, Dynamic Balance and Lower Extremity Motor Coordination
    (Wiley, 2025) Tikac, Gulsum; Unal, Ayse; Altug, Filiz
    Background and Purpose: The positive effects of exercise on health are inevitable. The effect of square-stepping exercise training (SSET) on young adults has not been studied before. This study aimed to determine the impact of SSET on cognitive attention, physical balance, and lower extremity motor coordination among healthy young individuals. Methods: A total of 112 volunteers participated and were divided into two groups: the training group (TG) and control group (CG). The Stroop Test was used for attention, the four-step square test (FSST) was used for dynamic balance, and the lower-extremity motor coordination Test (LMCT) was used for motor coordination. In the training group, SSET was administered throughout 3 weeks. Results: TG achieved significant improvement in the first and second part scores as subgroups of attention. With respect to dynamic balance, there was a significant difference in the TG before and after the training (p < 0.005). In the lower extremity coordination analysis, the improvement was greater in TG. Discussion: SSET has effects on the attention, dynamic balance, and lower extremity motor coordination of healthy young individuals.
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    Öğe
    THE EFFECT OF SQUARE STEPPING EXERCISES TRAINING ON LOWER EXTREMITY MOTOR PERFORMANCE, MUSCLE STRENGTH, AND MUSCLE QUALITY IN HEALTHY YOUNG PEOPLE: A SINGLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL
    (Univ Zagreb, Fac Kinesiology, 2025) Demirtas, Asli; Altug, Filiz; Unal, Ayse
    The square stepping exercise (SSE), which is a new type of aerobic exercise, is preferred for various purposes. This study attempted to explore the effect of SSE training on lower-extremity motor performance, muscle strength, and muscle quality in healthy young individuals. Participants were 120 healthy young individuals aged between 20-25 years, who were randomly divided into two groups as the treatment group, which received SSE training (Group 1; n=60) and control group (Group 2; n=60). The participants' lower-extremity motor performance was analyzed through vertical jumping, side jumping, one leg squat, and step-up tests, whereas their muscle strength was analyzed through a hand-held dynamometer and their muscle quality was analyzed through Muscle Quality Index. The SSE was employed to the treatment group in 12 sessions, four days a week for three weeks and each session lasted 45 minutes. The control group did not receive any treatment and only evaluation was implemented. A significant improvement was observed in lower-extremity motor performance (p<.001), muscle strength of quadriceps femoris muscle (p<.001), and muscle quality (p<.001) in Group 1 in the post-training evaluations. This study revealed a significant improvement in favor strength (p<.001), and muscle quality (p<.001). However, no significant change was observed between the groups in the vertical jumping test (p=.099). The results showed the effect of SSE training on the lower-extremity motor performance, muscle strength, and muscle quality of healthy young individuals.