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    Öğe
    Effect of Size and Taper on Cyclic Fatigue in EndoMagic Gold M06 Files: An In Vitro Study
    (Akdeniz Üniversitesi, 2025) Kuloğlu, Bircan; Çoban, Ayşe; Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer
    Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different size and taper combinations of the EndoMagic Gold M06 rotary file system on cyclic fatigue resistance and fragment length, and to investigate the contribution of file geometry to overall mechanical performance. Method: A total of 120 new EndoMagic Gold M06 files (10/06, 15/06, 19/08, 20/06, 25/06, 30/06; n=20 for each group) were used. The files were tested in distilled water at 35 ± 1 °C and positioned in a stainless-steel block with a 60° curvature angle, 5 mm radius, 1.5 mm inner diameter, with the curvature center located 5 mm from the file tip. Files were operated in rotary motion at 300 rpm and 2.2 N/cm torque, following the manufacturer's instructions, until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated by multiplying the fracture time by the rpm value. Fragment lengths were measured using a digital caliper. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Results: A statistically significant difference was found among the file groups in terms of the number of cycles to fracture (p < 0.05). The 19/08 file exhibited significantly lower NCF values compared to the 15/06 and 25/06 groups, while no significant differences were observed among the other groups. Regarding fragment length, the 19/08 file produced significantly longer fragments than all other file groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In the EndoMagic Gold M06 system, increases in file size and taper significantly influence cyclic fatigue resistance and fracture behavior. The 19/08 file, with its greater taper, demonstrated lower fatigue resistance and a more coronal fracture pattern, indicating higher susceptibility to mechanical stress. Clinically, prolonged use of high-taper instruments in severely curved canals should be approached with caution.
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    Öğe
    Efficacy of two different retreatment techniques in removing gutta-percha from root canals: A CBCT study
    (2025) Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer; Çimen, Tansu; Kaya, Seher; Er, Kürşat
    Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of two rotary nickel-titanium file systems, ProTaper Universal (PTUR) and Remover (REM), in removing gutta-percha and sealer from root canals. Methods: Forty-five extracted maxillary incisors were selected and prepared with the Revo-S file sys- tem. Root canals were filled with gutta-percha and a resin-based sealer using cold lateral condensa- tion. The teeth were divided into three groups (n = 15) based on the file system used for gutta-percha removal: PTUR, REM, and hand files (H-files, as a control). The time taken for each system to remove the root canal filling was recorded. Three-dimensional images were obtained using dental volumetric tomography to measure the volume of the remaining filling material. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the time required for retreatment and the percentage of residual gutta-percha among the PTUR, REM, and H-file groups (P < 0.05). The H-file group required the longest retreatment duration and left the highest percentage of residual material. While the REM group completed the retreatment faster than the PTUR group, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The PTUR and REM systems were more efficient and faster than hand files in removing root canal fillings, although none achieved complete removal.
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    Öğe
    Endodontik İrrigasyon Solüsyonlarının One Curve Eğesinin Döngüsel Yorgunluk Direncine Olan Etkisinin Karşılaştırılması: İn Vitro Bir Çalışma
    (2023) Çankaya, Tülin Doğan; Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer; Sürme, Koray
    Amaç: Sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl), klorin dioksit (ClO2), etilen diamin tetra asetik asit (EDTA) ve etidronik asit (HEDP) solüsyonlarının One Curve (OC) eğesinin döngüsel yorulma direncine etkisini değerlendirmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 60 adet OC eğesi %5 NaOCl, %3,5 ClO2, %17 EDTA, %18 HEDP solüsyonu ve distile su ile muamele edilmek üzere 5 gruba (n= 12) ayrıldı. Her grupta bulunan eğeler kanal içi sıcaklığa (35±1 °C) getirilmiş ilgili solüsyonlara daldırılarak 5 dk bekletildi. Ardından eğeler 60° kurvatür açısına, 5 mm yarıçapına ve 1,5 mm çapına sahip 17 mm uzunluğunda paslanmaz çelik blokta test edildi. Eğeler X-Smart Plus endomotor ile kırılıncaya kadar kullanıldı. Eğelerin kırılana kadar olan tur sayıları ve süreleri ve kırık parça uzunlukları kaydedildi. P<0,05 anlamlılık derecesinde verilerin istatistiksel analizi için tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Tukey testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Eğelerin döngüsel yorgunluk direnci arasında istatistiksel olarak fark gözlenmedi (P>0,05). Kırık parça uzunlukları büyükten küçüğe sırasıyla; distile su, HEDP, EDTA, NaOCl, ClO2 olarak bulundu. Test edilen solüsyonlar kırık parça uzunlukları açısından anlamlı fark gösterdi (P<0,05). Sonuç: Test edilen tüm solüsyonlar OC eğesinin döngüsel yorgunluk direnci üzerinde benzer etki sergilemiştir. Bununla birlikte kırık parça uzunluğu en uzun distile su grubunda iken, en kısa ClO2 grubunda bulunmuştur.
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    Öğe
    Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of single and combined use of different irrigation solutions against intracanal enterococcus faecalis
    (Univ Zagreb, Sch Dental Medicine, 2020) Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer; Çobankara, Funda Kont; Sayın, Zafer; Özer, Füsun
    Objectives: This study assessed the antibacterial activity of both separate and combined uses of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), MTAD, SmearClear (SC) and 13.8% chlorine dioxide (ClO2) irrigation solutions against Enterococcus faecalis. Material and Methods: Two hundred eighty single rooted human premolars were randomly grouped into 26 test and 2 control (negative and positive) groups and were incubated for 24 h with E. faecalis, except for the negative control group. The tested solutions were as follow: NaOCl; CHX; ClO2; MTAD; SC; EDTA; H2O2; NaOCl + CHX; NaOCl + MTAD; SC + NaOCl; EDTA + NaOCl; H2O2 + NaOCl; ClO2 + CHX; CHX + MTAD; SC + CHX; EDTA + CHX; CHX + H2O2; ClO2 + MTAD; SC + ClO2; EDTA + ClO2; ClO2 + H2O2; SC+MTAD; EDTA+MTAD; MTAD + H2O2; SC + H2O2; and EDTA + H2O2. Optic density values were recorded at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h and bacterial growth curve created for each solution. Results: The CHX, MTAD and ClO2 showed a high potential for the elimination of E. faecalis, both alone and in all combinations. The EDTA, H2O2, H2O2+ EDTA, H2O2 + NaOCl and SC + NaOCl groups showed less antibacterial activity than the other groups. The SC + CHX group showed the best antibacterial effect against E. faecalis. Conclusion: The SC + CHX combination can be recommended as the most effective irrigation regimen against E. faecalis in persistent endodontic infections.
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    Öğe
    Investigation of pH Values of Ready to Use Dental EDTA Solutions of Different Brands: In Vitro Study
    (Akdeniz Üniversitesi, 2025) Kuloğlu, Bircan; Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer; Çankaya, Tülin Doğan
    Aim The removal of the smear layer is a critical step in the success of root canal treatment. It is known that the effectiveness of EDTA solutions can vary, particularly depending on their pH levels. The aim of this study was to compare the room temperature pH values and cost per liter of eight different brands of 17% EDTA solutions available on the Turkish market. Material and Methods In this study, eight different commercially available 17% EDTA solutions were procured from the market. The pH values of the solutions were measured at room temperature using a pH meter, with three separate measurements taken for each solution, and the average values were calculated. Additionally, the cost per liter of each product was determined. The collected data were analyzed comparatively. Results The pH values of Woolin Endo, Promida, Cool & EDTA, and Werax brands were measured as 13.00 ± 0.4. The pH values of Imicryl and Saver brands were found to be 10.00 ± 0.8, while those of AQUA Solution and Cerkamed Endo-Solution brands were measured as 7.4 ± 0.1. In terms of price analysis, Cool & EDTA had the lowest cost per liter. AQUA Solution was identified as the most economical product among those with a neutral pH value. Conclusion It is important for companies in the market to declare the pH value as it affects the physical properties of the solution.
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    Öğe
    Kullanılmış ve yeni Revo-S nikel titanyum eğelerin döngüsel yorgunluk dirençlerinin karşılaştırılması
    (2023) Sürme, Koray; Akman, Hayri; Özkan, Hatice Büyüközer; Er, Kürşat
    Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay kanallar kullanılarak yeni ve kullanılmış Revo-S nikel titanyum döner eğe sisteminin döngüsel yorgunluk (DY) dirençlerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Her gruptan 12 adet olmak üzere toplam 72 adet yeni ve 2 defa klinikte kullanılmış Revo-S SC1 (25/.06), Revo-S SC2 (25/.04) ve Revo-S SU (25/.06) eğeler çalışmaya dahil edildi. DY direnci testleri için iç çapı 1.5 mm olan, 60° eğrilik açısı ve 5 mm eğrilik yarıçapına sahip olan kavisli bir yapay kanal içeren paslanmaz çelik blok kullanıldı. Deney sistemi distile su ile dolduruldu ve ortam sıcaklığı 35 ± 1 °C sıcaklıkta sabit tutuldu. Eğeler kırılma gerçekleşene kadar yapay kanal içinde çalıştırıldı. Her eğe için kırılma gerçekleşene kadar geçen süre kronometre ile kaydedildi ve eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptıkları tur sayısı hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve post-hoc Tukey testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptığı ortalama tur sayısı en yüksek yeni SC2 eğe grubunda (912.3 ± 76.8), en düşük ise kullanılmış SU eğe grubunda (204.2 ± 59.6) bulundu. SC1 ve SC2 eğeler için yeni ve kullanılmış eğeler arasında DY direnci açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmez iken (p>0.05), SU eğe grubunda anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sınırlamaları dahilinde; klinik kullanım sonrasında tüm eğelerin DY direncinde azalma olduğu ancak bu azalmanın sadece SU eğe grubunda önemli olduğu bulundu.