Phenolic compounds, essential oil composition, and antioxidant activity of Angelica purpurascens (Ave-Lall.) Gill

Abstract

In this study, methanol extracts (MEs) and essential oil (EO) of Angelica purpurascens (Ave-Lall.) Gill obtained from different parts (root, stem, leaf, and seed) were evaluated in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolics, compositions of phenolic compound, and essential oil with the methods of 2,2-azino-bis(3ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ARTS center dot(+)), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH center dot) radical scavenging activities, and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), the Folin-Ciocalteu, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The root extract of A. purpurascens exhibited the highest ABTS center dot(+), DPPH center dot, and FRAP activities (IC50: 0.05 +/- 0.0001 mg/mL, IC50: 0.06 +/- 0.002 mg/mL, 821.04 15.96 mu M TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), respectively). Moreover, EO of A. purpurascens root displayed DPPI scavenging activity (IC50: 2.95 +/- 0.084 mg/mL). The root extract had the highest total phenolic content (438.75 +/- 16.39 GAE (gallic acid equivalent), mu g/mL)). Twenty compounds were identified by LC-MS/MS. The most abundant phenolics were ferulic acid (244.39 +/- 15.64 mu g/g extract), benzoic acid (138.18 +/- 8.84 mu g/g extract), oleuropein (78.04 +/- 4.99 mu g/g extract), and rutin (31.21 +/- 2.00 mu g/g extract) in seed, stem, root, and leaf extracts, respectively. According to the GC-MS analysis, the major components were determined as alpha-bisabolol (22.93%), cubebol (14.39%), alpha-pinene (11.63%), and alpha-limonene (9.41%) among 29 compounds. Consequently, the MEs and EO of A. purpurascens can be used as a natural antioxidant source.